would 和should;shall和will 怎么区别运用

如题所述

第1个回答  推荐于2018-02-25
should和would的用法:
should常译作“应该”,would常译作“愿意;会”.
1.should和would都可用于疑问句,表示征询意见或提建议.但它们比shall和will更委婉.如 Should we open the window?/ Would you mind asking you so many questions?
2.should和would都可用于肯定句或否定句.
(1)should译作“应该”,表示义务或推测.如 We should protect our environment.(义务) / You shouldn’t know him.(推测)
(2)would译作“愿意;会”,表示过去的意愿或意志.如 She said she would become a volunteer./ He promised that he wouldn’t fall behind others.
3.should和would都可作助动词,它们是shall和will的过去式,用于过去将来时,译作“将要”.should用于主语是第一人称,would用于主语是任意人称.如 He said we should / would move to the second floor.

第一人称SHALL和第二,三人称WILL表示将要
shall只用于第一人称,如用于第二、第三人称,就失去助动词的意义,已变为情态动词,试比较:
He shall come. 他必须来。(shall有命令的意味。)
He will come. 他要来。(will只与动词原形构成一般将来时。)
shall用于第二和第三人称表示强调;determination决心, promise承诺, obligation义务, 职责, or permission允许
will用于第一人称时有时也表示候强调。
具体用法:
(1)shall和will作为助动词可以与动词原形一起构成一般将来时。例如:
I shall study harder at English.
我将更加努力地学习英语。
My brother will leave for the United States next week.
我的哥哥下星期要到美国去。
(2)关于“shall/will”的用法的五个规则:
① 说或写都尽量使用“I'll, You'll, He'll , She'll , It'll, We'll , They'll …”的简缩形。例如:
I’ll answer your question.
You’ll read my blog.
He’ll point out my mistake.
She’ll like my essays.
It’ll be a hot night for me.
We’ll go to bed.
They’ll wake up here.
②要表达主语的“意志”,通常都用“will”(文法上称为意志将来。)
I won't see him again.
我不愿意再和他见面。
Who will go and help that poor old man?
谁愿意去帮助那个可怜的老人?
Mary will. (玛丽愿意。)
③说话者要把自己的“意志”表达或行使出去,通常用“shall”。
You shall not do that again.
你不可以再做那样的事。
He shall return that book tomorrow.
明天他必须把那本书归还。
④第一人称问句使用“shall”。
Shall I call you a taxi?
需要我替你叫一辆出租车吗?
Shall we tell her the truth?
我们可以把实情告诉她吗?
⑤问句是“Shall…?”,答句就用“shall ~”;问句用“Will …?”,答句就用“will ~ ”。
Shall you go to school tomorrow?
你明天须要上学去吗?
Yes, I shall. We'll have an exam.
是的,我必须去。我们明天有考试。
Will you go to school with me tomorrow?
明天你要不要和我一道去学校?
No, I won’t. I'm going on a picnic.
我不要。我已定好要去郊游。
注:Let's …”的附加疑问通常使用“…, shall we ?”。
Let's have a rest, shall we?
我们休息一下,怎样?本回答被提问者和网友采纳