那位仁兄教教我怎么判断主语谓语宾语等东西?

帮我写几个例句,在告诉我什么事主语谓语宾语还有补语那些东西,谢谢了,能原创的最好原创,也可以帮我找几个例句,告诉那里是主谓宾就行了。
谢谢了。好的会给追加分!!!

第1个回答  2009-04-06
先给你个口诀吧

句子成分口诀:
主谓宾定状补,句子成分要清楚。
句子主干主谓宾,枝叶部分定状补。
定语用在主宾前,谓前为状谓后补。
还有助词的地得,帮助区分定状补。

再就是枯燥的语法,建议你在理解的过程中结合中文语文的语法知识,现代中文在句子构成上有英文有相似处。

比如 I am reading books. 我正在读书。这个语法结构就很类似,主语:I、我
谓语:be reading,正在读;宾语:books,书。多看例句,多练习造句就能找到感觉了。加油 :)

主语

主语表明这句话说的是谁和什么,主语主要由名词、代词或相当于名词的单词,短语或从句充当。
一. 名词作主语

David arrived last night. 大卫昨晚到达。

Pride goes before a fall. 骄必败。

二. 代词作主语

Who is speaking, please? (在电话中)请问您是谁?

That's OK. 这没问题。

三. 数词作主语

Two will be enough. 两个就够了。

Two-thirds of the workers are women. 三分之二的工人是女工。

四. ing形式作主语

Skating is good exercise. 溜冰是很好的运动。

Looking up all the new words in the dictionary took him a lot of time.

从字典里查所有的生词花费了他许多时间。

五. 不定式作主语

To translate this ideal into reality needs hard work.

把理想转变成现实需要辛勤的劳动。

六. 名词化的形容词作主语

The blind and the lame are well cared for in our country.

在我们国家,盲人和肢残人受到很好的照顾。

The unemployed usually lead a hard life.

失业的人生活一般很困难。

七. 短语作主语

How to do well is an important question.

如何把这件事做好是一个重要问题。

Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy.

早睡早起身体好。

八. 从句作主语

What has happened proves that our policy is right.

发生的一切证明我们的政策是对的。

Whether we'll go depends on the weather.

我们是否去要看天气。
谓语

谓语说明主语的动作或状态。谓语动词一般在主语之后。
Some children asked for cold drinks.

有些孩子要喝冷饮。

I shall go to see him tomorrow.

明天我要去看他。

I must ask her to teach me to swim.

我一定得请她教我游泳。
宾语

宾语一般用在及物动词的后面,表示行为动词所涉及的对象。
一. 名词作宾语

Show your passport, please.

请出示护照。

二. 代词作宾语

He didn't say anything.

她什么也没说。

三. 数词作宾语

How many do you want? - I want two.

你要几个?- 我要两个。

四. 名词化的形容词作宾语

They sent the injured to hospital.

他们把伤员送到医院。

五. 不定式或ing形式作宾语

The asked to see my passport.

他们要求看我的护照。

I enjoy working with you.

我和你们一道工作很愉快。

六. 从句作宾语

Did you write down what he said?

你把他的话记下了没有?

表语

表语是用来说明主语的身份、特征和状态的,它常位于联系动词(be, become, appear, seem等)之后。
一. 名词作表语

Africa is a big continent.

非洲是个大洲。

That remains a puzzle to me.

这对我还是个难题。

二. 代词作表语

What’s your fax number?

你的传真号是多少?

三. 形容词作表语

I feel much better today.

我今天感觉好多了。

四. 数词作表语

She was the first to learn about it.

她是第一个知道的人。

五. 不定式或ing形式作表语

Her job is selling computers.

她的工作是销售电脑。

Our next step was to get raw materials ready.

我们下一步是把原料准备好。

六. 介词短语作表语

The patient is out of danger.

病人脱险了。

I don’t feel at ease.

我感到不自在。

七. 副词作表语

The sun is up.

太阳升起来了。

I must be off now.

现在我得走了。

八. 从句作表语

This is what he said.

这就是他所说的话。

定语

形容词作定语
He's a tall man.

他是个高个子的男子。

<><><>

名词作定语

There are a lot of banana trees on the island.(banana)

岛上有许多香蕉树。

<><><>

数词作定语

Three thousand people watched the game.

三万人观看了球赛。

<><><>

限定词作定语

Many men are working there.

许多人在那儿工作。

<><><>

ing形式作定语

There is a swimming pool near our school.

我们学校附近有一个游泳池。

<><><>

ed分词作定语

frozen food 冷冻食品

fallen leaves 落叶
状语

副词作状语
Don't drive so fast.

别开得这么快。

<><><>

介词短语作地点状语

We live in Hangzhou.

我们住在杭州。

<><><>

名词作状语

The meeting lasted an hour.

会议开了一个小时。

主语+动词+形容词(双谓语)

接在动词之后对主语起着解释或描述作用的成分,叫作主补。
<><><>

形容词作主补

They married young.

他们结婚时还年轻。

He died happy.

他怀着幸福的心情死去。

No man is born wise.

没有生而知之。

<><><>

ed分词作主补

He came in drunk.

他走进来的时候醉醺醺的。

<><><>

名词作主补

He died a poor man.

他死时很穷。

He died a millionaire.

他死的时候是个百万富翁。

宾补

适用宾补的句型:
主语+谓语+宾语+宾补(S+V+O+OC)

宾补对宾语加以解释或描述。

<><><>

以下成分可以充当宾补:

名词,代词,形容词,副词,ing形式,ed分词,不定式,介词短语,名词性从句。

<><><>

名词作宾补

I consider him a gentleman.

<><><>

代词作宾补

Whom do you think me?

(Whom是宾补)

<><><>

形容词作宾补

Wash your hands clean.

<><><>

副词作宾补

I found him out.

<><><>

ing形式作宾补

They left me wait.

<><><>

ed分词作宾补

I heard my name called.

<><><>

不定式作宾补

I thought him to be a good man.

<><><>

介词短语作宾补

Make yourself at home.

<><><>

名词性从句作宾补

His wife has made him what he is.本回答被提问者采纳
第2个回答  2009-04-06
我才给同班同学讲过,我可以给你讲.但我不保证足够专业.我也是个学生.
主语谓语宾语的问题如果弄懂了很明白.
I am a student.
主语I 谓语am 宾语a student.
I study in NO.1 middle school.
主语I 谓语study 宾语无 后面的in NO.1 middle school做地点状语.
也就是说一句话中主语和谓语是必需的.
例如上一句话,你就可以说我学习,I study.这是正确的句子.

总的来说
主语就是人或者物一类的名词,比如The dog,My school,和这一类词的疑问代词,比如,who,where...
谓语就是be动词和一般动词,可以有时态的变化,比如am,were,am studying,will be teaching,只要是与动词有关的时态都可以.
宾语也是名词,但也可以是形容词,例如,I am good,我是好的.是名词就是我例句中的那个,我是学生.

有问题可以再问.以上仅供参考.O(∩_∩)O~
晕,楼上的是复制的吧,我刚写的时候还没人回答,写完都这么多了?太多了吧?晕...
第3个回答  2009-04-12
主语是句子叙述的主体,可由名词、代词、数词、名词化的形容词、不定式、动名词和主语从句等来承担。

谓语说明主语所发出的动作或具有的特征和状态。谓语由动词来承担。

宾语是动作的对象或承受者,常位于及物动词或介词后面。宾语可由名词、代词、数词、名词化的形容词、不定式、动名词、宾语从句等来担任。

主语和谓语是英语句子的两大成分,除少数句子(如祈使句和感叹句等)外,一句话必须同时具有主语和谓语所表达的意思才能完整。主语是针对谓语而言的,是一句话的主题,谓语用来说明主语的情况,为主语提供信息。例如:They are working.主语是they(他们),那麽他们在做什麽呢?看来没有谓语are working 是不行的。在正常情况下,英语的主语和谓语的位置与汉语一致,也就是说主语在前,谓语紧跟其后。那麽,哪些词语可以做主语,谓语,何时主谓倒置,主语与谓语的一致情况如何,我将一一讲述。

一、哪些词可以充当主语

1,名词

例如: A mooncake is a delicious, round cake.

The first truck is carrying a few baskets.

The temperature will stay above zero.

The doctor looked over Mrs. Brown very carefully.

China does not want to copy the USA’s example.

2,代词

例如: It’s a young forest.

I don’t know if it will grow.

That’s a bit expensive.

You’d better buy a new pair.

I’m afraid we haven’t got any black shoes.

3,数词

例如:One and two is three.

One is not enough for me. I want one more.

One of them is English.

Suddenly one of the bags fell off the truck.

Two will be enough.

4,不定式 (常以 It’s adj. to do sth. 形式出现)

例如: To give is better than to receive =Its better to give.

I found it difficult to get to sleep.

It’s glad to see you again.

It was difficult to see.

But it’s good to swim in summer.

5,IT 作主语,有如下情况:

1)指代刚刚提到的事物:What’s this ? It’s a bus. (指代what)

2)指代一个你不知道或判断不清性别的人:Who’s knocking the door? It’s me. (指代 who)

Who’s the baby in the picture? It’s my sister. (指代 who)

3) 表示时间,天气,距离:

What’s the time? It’s eight o’clock. (时间)

What’s it going to be tomorrow? It’s going to be rainy.(天气)

How far is it? It’s about one kilometre away. (距离)

6. THERE 引起的There be 句型中,be 作谓语,主语位居其后。如:

There are many different kinds of mooncakes.

There will be a strong wind.

二、谓语

谓语有动词构成,依据其在句中繁简程度可把谓语分为简单谓语和复合谓语两类。不论何种时态,语态,语气,凡由一个动词(或动词词组)构成的谓语都是简单谓语。例如:

I like walking.(一般现在时主动语态)

I made your birthday cake last night. (一般过去时主动语态)

It is used by travellers and business people all over the world. (一般现在时被动语态)

复合谓语也可分为两种情况:

第一种是由情态动词,助动词+不带to的动词不定式构成的复合谓语:

What does this word mean?

I won’t do it again.

I’ll go and move away the bag of rice with Lin Tao.

You’d better catch a bus.

第二种是由连系动词+表语构成的复合谓语。例如:

You look the same.

We are all here.

The weather gets wamer, and the days get longer.

Keep quite and listen to me.

He looked worried.

We have to be up early in the moming.

Is Bill in?

School Is over. Let’s go home.

My pen is in my bag.

I feel terrible.

I* fell tried all the time.

He seemed rather tired last night.

连系动词和表语在意思上紧密联系,不宜分割;有关动词的种类这方面知识在课本中已有介绍,此处不多说了。

三、主语与谓语的一致

英语句子的主语和谓语的一致性,是英汉两种语言的区别之一。具体说来有如下特征:

1, 谓语动词在人称和数上应与主语保持一致。如:

Now the teacher comes into the classroom.

本句属一般现在时,主语the teacher 为第三人称单数,因而谓语动词come 应加s.

One morming she was working at her desk in the library wher a boy came in. 本句属主从复合句,主句用过去进行时,从句为一般过去时;主句中主语she为第三人称单数,所以谓语为 was working.

1) 主语含有 and 时,如表示一个单一的概念,谓语动词常用单数(特别是当and 连接的是两个不可数名词时),否则用复数。如:

One and three is four. And 前后均为数字,表示同一个概念,谓语动词应用is.

Tea and milk is my favourite drink. 本题中tea and milk 指一种饮料,故谓语用is。

Tom and Li Lei are my best friends. Tom 和 Li lei 是完全不同的两个人,有不同的特征,因而谓语是are。

2) 主语为动词不定式时,其谓语常用单数形式。如:

To give is better than to receive.

It was difficult to see.

It’s best to wear cool clothes.

同样,动名词作主语,谓语动词也为单数。初中阶段只学了一句:

It (playing) is much better than having classes.

3) 不可数名词作主语,谓语动词视为单数。如:

The best time to come to China is autumn.

The weather in England never gets too hot.

4) 在姓的复数前加the 表示一家人,谓语动词为复数。如:

What time do the Reads have breakfast? 主语是the Reads, 表示里得一家人,谓语动词用do….have.

5) 表示时间的复数名词作主语,常作整体看待,其谓语动词为单数形式。如:

Two months is quite a long time.

6) “几加几等于几”的算式中,谓语动词常为单数。如:

Twenty and forty is sixty.

主 谓

7) 某些表示学科的名词作主语,无论其结尾是什麽,谓语动词都视为单数。如:

Maths is my favourite subject.

主 谓

8) each 以及由some,any,no,every 构成的复合代词作主语,谓语动词为单数。如:

There’s something wrong with my ears!

谓 主

Everyone is going into class.

主 谓

9) what,who which 等词做主语,谓语动词形式视意思而定。如:

What is this?(this 为单数,用is)

What are these? (these 为复数,用are )

Which is your friend? 哪一个人是你的朋友?

Which are your friends? 哪些人是你的朋友?

10) None 作主语,其谓语可以是单数,也可以是复数,此项目并非初中阶段重点,故此不谈。

11) People,Chinese, Japanese 作主语,谓语动词为复数。如:

There are four people in my family.

谓 主

The chinese people are very friendly.

12) population 作主语,指“人口”时,谓语为单数;其前有表示数量的修饰语时,谓语为复数;课本第三册只要求掌握作“人口”讲时谓语的情况:

What’s the population of Germany?

谓 主

What was the population of the world in 1950?

谓 主

Half of the population of China are women.

修饰语 主 谓

2, 由 either …or 或neither …nor 连接的两个并列成分作主语,其谓语动词形式与后一个主语保持一致。如:Either Lily or Lucy is going to come.(Lily和Lucy 谁去都行。后一个主语Lucy 为第三人称单数,谓语用is going to come.)

Either I or he does well in English. 我和他的英语都不错。

Neither I nor she likes swimming. 我和她都不喜欢游泳。

由these 和here 引出的含有不只一个主语的句子,其谓语动词形式由最靠近谓语的主语形式决定。如:

These is a pen, two rulers and three books on the desk.

Here are some cups,a glass and some pears on
第4个回答  2009-04-06
Bob plays the piano
bob就是主语,plays是谓语,the piano 是宾语
总之,先找名词——动词——名词这样的组合,动词前就是主语,动词后就是宾语
Bob plays the piano what bought yesterday
what后面就是补语,根据内容来看,是限定piano的,所以what这个从句就是宾语补足语
第5个回答  2009-04-06
I(主语) love(谓语) you(宾语).
主语:一般是名词
谓语:一般是动词(一个句子中只能而且只有一个谓语)
宾语:一般是名词,短语,动宾(doing)...