用C++设计一个学生考试成绩信息管理程序

Question

设计三个类：学生类、课程类、考试成绩类。学生类用来存储学生的信息，课程类用来存储课程的信息，考试成绩类用来存储学生考试的成绩信息。学生类可以包括以下数据成员：姓名、学号、出生日期、性别、学院、专业、年级、班级等。课程类可以包括以下数据成员：课程名称、课程编号、学时数、学分等。考试成绩类(选课信息类)可以包括以下数据成员：学号、课程编号、学年、学期、成绩等。（注意：考试成绩类的学号成员可关联到具体的某个学生、课程编号成员可关联到具体的某门课程）
在程序中需要实现学生信息的添加和查询、课程信息的添加和查询、考试成绩信息的添加和查询。注意：各种信息添加后要求存储在文件中，并根据文件中存储的信息进行查询。三种不同的信息可以存储在三个不同的文件中。
此外，需要为该程序设计简单的菜单系统，根据用户的选择进行不同的操作。

Answer 1

#include
#include
#include

using namespace std;

typedef struct student {
unsigned m_id;
string m_name;
unsigned m_age;
string m_sex;
string m_address;
string m_contact;
string m_dormitory;
struct student *m_next;
}student;

class CStudent {
private :
student *head;
public :
CStudent() {
head = new student;
head->m_id = 0;
head->m_name = "noname";
head->m_next = NULL;
}
~CStudent() {
student *p = head,*q;
while(p) {
q = p;
p = q->m_next;
delete q;
}
}
student readdata(int model); // model = 1:不读取学号，2:不读取姓名，其他，读取所有信息
void entering();
bool insert(const student &astu);
student *findid(unsigned id) const;
student *findname(const string &name) const;
student *findsex(const string &sex) const;
student *finddormitory(const string &dormitory) const;
unsigned boys() const;
unsigned girls() const;
unsigned headcount() const;
bool eraseid();
bool erasename();
bool modifyid();
bool modifyname();
void Show() const;
void query() const;
void friend statistics(const CStudent &aclss);
void friend erase(CStudent &aclss);
void friend modify(CStudent &aclss);
};

string readstring() {
string str;
while(cin.get() != '\n');
cin >> str;
return str;
}

student CStudent::readdata(int model) {
student tmp;
if(model != 1) { cout < "学 号: "; cin >> tmp.m_id; }
if(model != 2) { cout << "姓 名: "; tmp.m_name = readstring(); }
cin >> tmp.m_age;
cout << "性 别: ";
tmp.m_sex = readstring();
cout << "住 址: ";
tmp.m_address = readstring();
cout << "联系方式: ";
tmp.m_contact =readstring();
cout << "寝 室: ";
tmp.m_dormitory = readstring();
return tmp;
}

void CStudent::entering() {
student tmp;
cout << "学号(0 to return): ";
cin >> tmp.m_id;
while(tmp.m_id) {
if(findid(tmp.m_id) == NULL) {
cout << "姓 名: ";
tmp.m_name = readstring();
cout << "年 龄: ";
cin >> tmp.m_age;
cout << "性 别: ";
tmp.m_sex = readstring();
cout << "住 址: ";
tmp.m_address = readstring();
cout << "联系方式: ";
tmp.m_contact = readstring();
cout << "寝 室: ";
tmp.m_dormitory = readstring();
insert(tmp);
}
else cout << "重复的学号:" << tmp.m_id << endl;
cout << "学号(0 to return): ";
cin >> tmp.m_id;
}
}

student *CStudent::findid(unsigned id) const {
student *p;
for(p = head; p->m_next; p = p->m_next)
if(p->m_next->m_id == id) return p;
return NULL;
}

student *CStudent::findname(const string &name) const {
student *p;
for(p = head; p->m_next; p = p->m_next)
if(p->m_next->m_name == name) return p;
return NULL;
}

student *CStudent::findsex(const string &sex) const {
student *p;
for(p = head; p->m_next; p = p->m_next)
if(p->m_next->m_sex == sex) return p;
return NULL;
}

student *CStudent::finddormitory(const string &dormitory) const {
student *p;
for(p = head; p->m_next; p = p->m_next)
if(p->m_next->m_dormitory == dormitory) return p;
return NULL;
}

bool CStudent::insert(const student &astu) {
student *newnode,*p = head;
if(p->m_next == NULL) {
p->m_next = new student(astu);
p->m_next->m_next = NULL;
return true;
}
while(p->m_next) {
if(p->m_next->m_id == astu.m_id) {
cout << "重复的学号，插入失败!\n";
return false;
}
if(p->m_next->m_id > astu.m_id) {
newnode = new student(astu);
newnode->m_next = p->m_next;
p->m_next = newnode;
return true;
}
p = p->m_next;
}
p->m_next = new student(astu);
p->m_next->m_next = NULL;
return true;
}

unsigned CStudent::boys() const {
unsigned cnt = 0;
student *p;
for(p = head->m_next; p; p = p->m_next)
if(p->m_sex == "男") ++cnt;
return cnt;
}

unsigned CStudent::girls() const {
unsigned cnt = 0;
student *p;
for(p = head->m_next; p; p = p->m_next)
if(p->m_sex == "女") ++cnt;
return cnt;
}

unsigned CStudent::headcount() const {
unsigned cnt = 0;
student *p;
for(p = head->m_next; p; p = p->m_next,++cnt);
return cnt;
}

bool CStudent::eraseid() {
student *q,*p;
unsigned id;
cout << "输入要删除的学号:";
cin >> id;
p = findid(id);
if(p == NULL) {
cout << "没有找到学号是\"" << id << "\"的学生，删除失败!\n";
return false;
}
q = p->m_next;
p->m_next = q->m_next;
delete q;
return true;
}
bool CStudent::erasename() {
student *q,*p;
string name;
cout << "输入要删除人的姓名:";
name = readstring();
p = findname(name);
if(p == NULL) {
cout << "没有找到姓名是\"" << name << "\"的学生，删除失败!\n";
return false;
}
q = p->m_next;
p->m_next = q->m_next;
delete q;
return true;
}

bool CStudent::modifyid() {
student tmp,*p;
unsigned id;
cout << "输入要修改的学号:";
cin >> id;
p = findid(id);
if(p == NULL) {
cout << "没有找到学号是\"" << id << "\"的学生，修改失败!\n";
return false;
}
tmp = readdata(1);
tmp.m_id = id;
*p = tmp;
return true;
}

bool CStudent::modifyname() {
student *p,tmp;
string name;
cout << "输入要修改人的姓名:";
name = readstring();
p = findname(name);
if(p == NULL) {
cout << "没有找到姓名是\"" << name << "\"的学生，修改失败!\n";
return false;
}
tmp = readdata(2);
tmp.m_name = name;
*p = tmp;
return true;
}

int menu() {
int choice;
do {
system("cls");
cout << "\t****************************\n";
cout << "\t* 学生基本信息管理系统 *\n";
cout << "\t*==========================*\n";
cout << "\t* 1、录入学生信息 *\n";
cout << "\t* 2、显示学生信息 *\n";
cout << "\t* 3、查询学生信息 *\n";
cout << "\t* 4、添加学生信息 *\n";
cout << "\t* 5、统计学生信息 *\n";
cout << "\t* 6、删除学生信息 *\n";
cout << "\t* 7、修改学生信息 *\n";
cout << "\t* 0、退出管理系统 *\n";
cout << "\t****************************\n";
cout << "\n\t请选择:";
cin >> choice;
}while(choice 0 || choice > 7);
return choice;
}

void show(student *p) {
cout < p->m_id << " " < p->m_name << " " < p->m_age << " ";
cout < p->m_sex << " " < p->m_address << " ";
cout < p->m_contact << " " < p->m_dormitory << endl;
}

void CStudent::Show() const {
student *p;
cout << "----------------------------------------------------------\n";
for(p = head->m_next; p; p = p->m_next) show(p);
cout << "----------------------------------------------------------\n";
system("pause");
}

void CStudent::query() const {
int select;
unsigned id;
string name;
student *p;
cout << "1、按学号查询\n2、按姓名查询\n0、返回\n";
cin >> select;
switch(select) {
case 1 : cout < "请输入学号:"; cin >> id;
if(p = findid(id)) show(p->m_next);
break;
case 2 : cout << "请输入姓名:"; name = readstring();
if(p = findname(name)) show(p->m_next);
break;
case 0 : return;
default : cout << "选择错误。\n";
}
system("pause");
}

void statistics(const CStudent &a) {
unsigned total = a.headcount();
unsigned boys = a.boys();
unsigned girls = a.girls();
cout << "学生总数:" << total << "人。\n";
cout << "其中，男生:" << boys << "名。";
cout << "女生:" << girls << "名。\n";
system("pause");
}

void erase(CStudent &a) {
int select;
unsigned id;
string name;
student *p,*q;
cout << "1、按学号删除\n2、按姓名删除\n0、返回\n";
cin >> select;
switch(select) {
case 1 : cout < "请输入学号:"; cin >> id;
if(p = a.findid(id)) {
q = p->m_next;
p->m_next = q->m_next;
delete q;
cout << "成功删除 " << id << " 的信息。\n";
}
break;
case 2 : cout << "请输入姓名:"; name = readstring();
if(p = a.findname(name)) {
q = p->m_next;
p->m_next = q->m_next;
delete q;
cout << "成功删除 " << name << " 的信息。\n";
}
break;
case 0 : return;
default : cout << "选择错误。\n";
}
system("pause");
}

void modify(CStudent &a) {
int select;
cout << "1、按学号修改\n2、按姓名修改\n0、返回\n";
cin >> select;
switch(select) {
case 1 : if(a.modifyid()) cout << "修改成功。\n"; break;
case 2 : if(a.modifyname()) cout << "修改成功。\n"; break;
case 0 : return;
default : cout << "选择错误。\n";
}
system("pause");
}

int main() {
CStudent a;
int an;
do {
an = menu();
switch(an) {
case 1 : a.entering(); break;
case 2 : a.Show(); break;
case 3 : a.query(); break;
case 4 : a.entering(); break;
case 5 : statistics(a); break;
case 6 : erase(a); break;
case 7 : modify(a); break;
case 0 : break;
default : cout << "选择错误。\n"; break;
}
}while(an);
return 0;
}本回答被网友采纳

Answer 2

这个是课程设计把？童鞋？