词汇维系着语音和语法,是语言的建筑基石,是英语学习的基础。词汇的学习提倡的是从运用的角度出发。不可记“单”词,也不可“单”记词,重视词汇在语篇和情景中的运用,要把词汇学习与语音、语法、文化内涵的学习等有机地结合起来。如:2006年单选第21题: 21. They all looked at the teacher when he told them the good news. A. sadly B. happily C. carefully D. angruly
(孤立地看四个副词,都可以修饰动词looked,但是从设置的语境when he told them the good news.来看,就很容易选出正确答案B。)
单项选择题的特点是:考点多,潜隐性强。强调在语境中考查所学知识,在语境中体现语言的运用和交际。我们来看几个单项选择题。 1. Nancy spoke in such a low voice that _____ students in our class could hear her. A. all B. many C. few D. most 2. -______? B. Can I try one on? A. How much is it B. How many do you want C. What time is it D. What size do you wear
再看几题其它省市的单选题: 1. We'll try our best to do the work with money and people. A. few little B. few a little C. less fewer D. fewer less
2. Would you mind more slowly? I can't follow you. A. speak B. spoke C. spoken D. speaking 这2题题目单纯考查语法知识,不需要看题干和整个句子的意思,只看blank前后就可以确定答案。
My eyes caught 37 and he said very quietly "I hope you studied for this 38. " 37. A. hers B. his C. ours D. yours 38. A. exam B. job C. book D. chance
这两个空考查代词和名词用法。37题只需看后面的he said very quietly就可以确定答案B;38题只要对文章有了整体理解,选出正确答案A应不成问题。
(5)阅读理解部分
英语文章的阅读理解既是我们英语学习的出发点和归宿,又是我们英语测试的重中之重,学生能否得高分,该题有着举足轻重的作用。它不但要求看懂文章,而且要理解文章的深层内涵。所以在中考命题中,阅读理解就成了必选的基本题型。阅读理解实际上就是一种语篇教学,语篇既是知识的载体,又是信息的载体。要引导学生从语篇角度出发,了解语篇体裁,分析语篇结构,从文章的关键词、句、段中把握语篇的内容、主旨、作者的观点、态度及意图等,从而理解文章的表层和深层内涵。阅读理解基本的问题类型有:直观性问题;常识性问题;理解性问题以及推理性问题,像批判性问题(如:如果这件事不是这样发生会怎样?)还不适合初中学生做。近几年阅读理解题的常见五种能力考查(事实细节、主旨大意、深层含义、推理判断、词义猜测)都有涉及。事实细节实际上就是直观性问题,有些考题的正确答案直接引用了原文中的语句或根据文章中的原句稍加改动而成;我们来看2006年阅读理解的第61题: 61. Who picked up the horseshoe at last? A. The son B. The father C. Both the father and the son D. Neither the father nor the son.
61题从短文His father said nothing but he picked it up himself. 一句确定答案B;
词义猜测通常分两种情况考查:一是猜文章中画线词或词组的汉语意思;如: 79. The underlined word "presses" probably means in Chinese. 06年安徽省
A.挤压 B.关上 C.打开 D.松开
二是猜文章中画线词或词组的英文解释。如� 59. The underlined word "stupid" in this passage means. 06年浙江省 A. pretty B. happy C. not clever D. not friendly
②语言的得体性。使用得体就是恰到好处。要注意摆脱汉语的影响,写出地道的英语,避免Chiglish的出现。如:I very like English. Good good study day day up. Slippery floor carefully fall down. Everyone for me me for everyone. 等。
③表达的连贯性。行文连贯是一个很重要的评分标准。许多考生常犯的一个错误就是在写出了若干个句子后,不使用连词或过渡词,让人觉得结构不严谨,句子不连贯。如果我们在写作过程中适当运用连词,如�and, then, but, so, what's more, however, as a result, on the other hand, in a word, after that, in my opinion, in gengeral等会使文章文通字顺,读起来朗朗上口。连词用得好,会使文章锦上添花。另外,要想把文章写好,开头结尾很重要。一篇文章再精彩,要是没头没尾也是美中不足。