a) 当as作为比较意义时,即用于as + adj./ adv. + as结构中时,如果把第一个as省略掉,就形成部分
倒装句。
例:Cautious as the rest of her family (was) , she didn't seem
willing to give an immediate reply to my
question.(正如她家里人一样谨慎小心,她似乎不愿意立即回答我的问题。)
She ran down the stairs, quick as a rabbit (ran).(她跑下楼去,跑得象兔子那么快!
b) 当as引导让步状语时,和although, though一样,当用作“尽管”之义时,可以用于部分倒装句。
例:_______, there was no hope of her being able to sleep.
A) As she was exhausted B) If she was exhausted
C) Exhausted though she was D) Now that she was exhausted
答案是C) Exhausted though she was。从属连词as,
though可以用于
让步状语从句中。这种从句必须以形容词(或形容词化的
分词)、名词或动词原形开头,主语必须位于从句之后。D) Now
that she was exhausted里的引导词Now that表示“既然”;B) If she was
exhausted表示条件“如果”; A) As she was
exhausted表示“由于”(因为使用的是正语序),都与后面句子的意思不通顺。
c) 表示原因时,为了强调起见,也可以倒装。
例:Tired as he was, we decided not to disturb him.
(因为他太累了,我们决定不打扰他。)
d) 等于so时,意义是“也,也是”
例:She worked hard, so/ as did her husband.
(她工作很努力,她的丈夫工作也很努力。)
3. 其它情况的倒装句
1) so, neither,
nor除了构成上述倒装句以外,还可以取代上文出现的名词、形容词甚至整句话,
构成 完 全倒装句或部分倒装句。但这两种倒装的意义不同。
a) 当so表示“也,相同,那样”时,通常表示对前一句肯定句的赞同、一致内容,
要求使用 完全倒装句:
例:I asked him to complete the experiment before five, so he did
(=and he did that).(我让他在5点以前完成实验,他做到了。)
b) so /such ……that句型可以构成部分倒装句,表示强调so /such和that之间的部分:
例:So unreasonable was his price that everybody
startled.(他的要价如此之高,令每个人都瞠目结舌。)
To such length did she go in rehearsal that the two actors walked
out.(她的彩排进行得那么长,以致于两个演员都走出去了。)
c) neither和nor共有4种倒装形式,其含义分别为:
完全倒装时:表示"也不",和上文a)用法正好相反,
表示对前一句否定句的赞同或一致内容。
例:You don't know what to do now, neither/ nor do I
.(你不知道现在该做什么,我也不知道。)
和其它否定副词连用,表示"也(不)",也要求用完全倒装句:
例:The besieged enemy could not advance, nor / neither could they
retreat.(被包围的敌人既不能进,也不能退。)
注意:若把这句话改成:"The besieged enemy could neither advance nor
retreat.(被包围的敌人既不能进,也不能退。)"就不必倒装。
例:She never laughed, ______ lose her temper.
A) or she ever did B) nor did she ever
C) or did she ever D) nor she ever did
本题的句子是一个
并列句,全句意思是:“她从来不大声笑,也没有发过脾气”。当前面的分句含否定意义而且后面的分句也含否定的意思时,后面的反句通常用含否定意义的nor(或neither)连接。此外,nor(或neither)连接的分句应当用倒装句,及其谓语中的
情态动词、连系动词或
助动词应放主语之前。所以B)
nor did she ever是答案。本句相当于:"…, and she never lost her temper,
either"。
1) 用在肯定句里,构成一般否定倒装:
例:All that is true, nor must we forget it.(那全都是真的,我们可不能忘记。)
2) 部分倒装,有承上启下作用,表示同意和赞同:
例:A: I couldn't do anything for her.(我帮不了她。)
B: Nor you could, but you might have got somebody to help
her.(你是不能帮她,但你本可以找人帮她的。)
2) 在进行比较的句子里,如果主语不是代词时,可以倒装:
例:America consumes more energy than did our
country.(美国消耗的能源比我们国家多。)
Her face is rather pale and even paler are her
hands.(她的脸色苍白,她的手更白。)