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1.1 åè¯å¤æ°çè§ååå
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åµ æææ¹æ³ è¯»é³ ä¾è¯
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åµ å -s æ¸
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é³å读/s/ map-maps
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é³å读 /z/ bag-bags /car-cars
以s, sh, ch, xçç»å°¾ å -es 读 /iz/ bus-buses/ watch-watches
以ce, se, ze,çç»å°¾ å -s 读 /iz/ license-licenses
以è¾
é³åæ¯+yç»å°¾ åy 为iåå es 读 /z/ baby---babies
1.2 å
¶å®åè¯å¤æ°çè§ååå
1ï¼ ä»¥yç»å°¾çä¸æåè¯ï¼æå
é³åæ¯+y ç»å°¾çåè¯åå¤æ°æ¶ï¼ç´æ¥å såå¤æ°ãä¾å¦ï¼
two Marys the Henrys
monkey---monkeys holiday---holidays
2ï¼ ä»¥o ç»å°¾çåè¯ï¼åå¤æ°æ¶ï¼
a. å sï¼å¦ï¼ photo---photos piano---pianos
radio---radios zoo---zoosï¼
b. å esï¼å¦ï¼potato--potatoes tomato--tomatoes
c. ä¸è¿°aåb两ç§æ¹æ³åå¯ï¼å¦zero---zeros / zeroesã
3ï¼ ä»¥fæfe ç»å°¾çåè¯åå¤æ°æ¶ï¼
a. å sï¼å¦ï¼ belief---beliefs roof---roofs
safe---safes gulf---gulfsï¼
b. å»f,fe å vesï¼å¦ï¼half---halves
knife---knives leaf---leaves wolf---wolves
wife---wives life---lives thief---thievesï¼
c. ä¸è¿°aåb两ç§æ¹æ³åå¯ï¼å¦handkerchief: handkerchiefs / handkerchievesã
1.3 åè¯å¤æ°çä¸è§ååå
1ï¼ child---children foot---feet tooth---teeth
mouse---mice man---men woman---women
注æï¼ç±ä¸ä¸ªè¯å man æ womanææçåæè¯ï¼å
¶å¤æ°å½¢å¼ä¹æ¯ -men å-womenï¼å¦an Englishmanï¼two Englishmenãä½Germanä¸æ¯åæè¯ï¼æ
å¤æ°å½¢å¼ä¸ºGermansï¼Bowmanæ¯å§ï¼å
¶å¤æ°æ¯the Bowmansã
2ï¼ åå¤åå½¢ï¼å¦deerï¼sheepï¼fishï¼Chineseï¼Japanese ï¼liï¼jinï¼yuanï¼two liï¼three muï¼four jinçãä½é¤äººæ°å¸çå
ãè§ãåå¤ï¼ç¾å
ãè±éãæ³éçé½æå¤æ°å½¢å¼ãå¦ï¼a dollar, two dollars; a meter, two metersã
3ï¼éä½åè¯ï¼ä»¥åæ°å½¢å¼åºç°ï¼ä½å®ä¸ºå¤æ°ãä¾å¦ï¼
people police cattle çæ¬èº«å°±æ¯å¤æ°ï¼ä¸è½è¯´ a peopleï¼a policeï¼a cattleï¼ä½å¯ä»¥è¯´a personï¼a policemanï¼a head of cattle, the Englishï¼the Britishï¼the Frenchï¼the Chineseï¼the Japaneseï¼the Swiss çåè¯ï¼è¡¨ç¤ºå½æ°æ»ç§°æ¶ï¼ä½å¤æ°ç¨ï¼å¦The Chinese are industries and brave. ä¸å½äººæ°æ¯å¤å³åæ¢çã
4ï¼ ä»¥sç»å°¾ï¼ä»ä¸ºåæ°çåè¯ï¼å¦ï¼
a. mathsï¼politicsï¼physicsçå¦ç§åè¯ï¼ä¸è¬æ¯ä¸å¯æ°åè¯ï¼ä¸ºåæ°ã
b. news 为ä¸å¯æ°åè¯ã
c. the United Statesï¼the United Nations åºè§ä¸ºåæ°ã
The United Nations was organized in 1945. èåå½æ¯1945å¹´ç»å»ºèµ·æ¥çã
d. 以å¤æ°å½¢å¼åºç°ç书åï¼å§åï¼æ¥çº¸ï¼æå¿åï¼ä¹å¯è§ä¸ºåæ°ãä¾å¦ï¼
"The Arabian Nights" is a very interesting story-book. ãä¸åé¶ä¸å¤ãæ¯ä¸æ¬é常æ趣çæ
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5ï¼ è¡¨ç¤ºç±ä¸¤é¨åææçä¸è¥¿ï¼å¦ï¼glasses ï¼ç¼éï¼ trousers, clothesçï¼è¥è¡¨è¾¾å
·ä½æ°ç®ï¼è¦åå©æ°éè¯ pairï¼å¯¹ï¼åï¼; suitï¼å¥ï¼; a pair of glasses; two pairs of trousersçã
6ï¼ å¦å¤è¿æä¸äºåè¯ï¼å
¶å¤æ°å½¢å¼ææ¶å¯è¡¨ç¤ºç¹å«ææï¼å¦ï¼goodsè´§ç©ï¼watersæ°´åï¼fishesï¼åç§ï¼é±¼ã
1.4ä¸åå½ç±äººçåå¤æ°
å½ç± æ»ç§°ï¼è°è¯ç¨å¤æ°ï¼ åæ° å¤æ°
ä¸å½äºº the Chinese a Chinese two Chinese
ç士人 the Swiss a Swiss two Swiss
澳大å©äºäººthe Australians an Australian two Australians
ä¿å½äºº the Russians a Russian two Russians
æ大å©äºº the Italians an Italian two Italians
å¸è
人 the Greek a Greek two Greeks
æ³å½äºº the French a Frenchman two Frenchmen
æ¥æ¬äºº the Japanese a Japanese two Japanese
ç¾å½äºº the Americans an American two Americans
å°åº¦äºº the Indians an Indian two Indians
å æ¿å¤§äºº the Canadians a Canadian two Canadians
å¾·å½äºº the Germans a Germans two Germans
è±å½äºº the English an Englishman two Englishmen
çå
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