定语从句和同位语从句最简单的区分方法是什么?

如题所述

一、从与引导词的关系看
定语从句是从句对先行词的修饰或限定;而同位语从句是从句对前面的抽象名词进一步的解释和说明。
the
news
that
our
team
has
won
the
game
was
true.
我们队赢了比赛的消息是真的。(that引导同位语从句,解释说明news的内容)
the
news
that
he
told
me
yesterday
was
true.
他昨天告诉我的那个消息是真的。(that引导定语从句,限定news)
二、从所作成分看
that引导定语从句时为关系代词,在定语从句中充当主语、宾语或表语等成分。that在定语从句中作宾语时,可以省略。而that引导同位语从句时不作句子的成分,也不能省略。
the
letter
(that)
i
received
yesterday
was
from
my
sister.
我昨天收到的信是我妹妹写的。(that引导定语从句,在从句中作宾语,可省略)
they
expressed
the
hope
that
we
would
go
and
visit
shanghai
again.
他们表示希望我们再去访问上海。(that引导同位语从句,只起连接作用不作成分,不可省略)
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