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ä¸è¬æ¶ï¼1ãç°å¨ study 2ãè¿å» studied 3ãå°æ¥ will study 4ãè¿å»å°æ¥ would study
è¿è¡æ¶ï¼1ãç°å¨ studing 2ãè¿å» was/were studing 3ãå°æ¥ will be studing 4ãè¿å»å°æ¥ would be studing
å®ææ¶ï¼1ãç°å¨ have studied 2ãè¿å» had studied 3ãå°æ¥ will have studied 4ãè¿å»å°æ¥ would have studied
å®æè¿è¡æ¶ï¼1ãç°å¨ have been studying 2ãè¿å» had been studying 3ãå°æ¥ will have been studying 4ãè¿å»å°æ¥ would have been studying
ä¸è¬æ¶æ è¿è¡æ¶æ å®ææ¶æ å®æè¿è¡æ¶æ
ç°å¨ do/does am/is/are doing have/has done have/has been doing
è¿å» did was/were doing had done had been doing
å°æ¥ shall/will do shall/will be doing shall/will have done shall/will have been doing
è¿å»å°æ¥ should/would do should/would be doing should/would have done should/would have been doing
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åå¨çå¨ä½æç¶ææç°é¶æ®µåå¤åççå¨ä½æç¶æï¼å¸¸åå¯è¯ usuallyï¼oftenï¼always sometimesï¼ regularlyï¼nearï¼occasionallyï¼every year, every week çè¿ç¨ãä¾å¦ï¼ The moon moves round the earth..
Mr. Smith travels to work by bus every day.
ï¼2ï¼å¨ç±afterï¼untilï¼beforeï¼onceï¼whenï¼even ifï¼in caseï¼as long asï¼as soon asï¼the moment 以å ifï¼unless çå¼å¯¼çæ¶é´ç¶è¯ä»å¥ææ¡ä»¶ç¶è¯ä»å¥ä¸ï¼é常ç¨ä¸è¬ç°å¨æ¶ä»£æ¿å°æ¥æ¶ãä¾å¦ï¼ I will tell him the news as soon as I see him.
I will not go to countryside if it rains tomorrow.
I will have arrived by the time the meeting begins.
ï¼3ï¼æäºè¡¨ç¤ºèµ·å§çå¨è¯ï¼å¯ç¨ä¸è¬ç°å¨æ¶è¡¨ç¤ºæè§å®ã计åæå®æè¦åççå¨ä½ï¼è¿ç±»å¨è¯æï¼beï¼goï¼comeï¼startï¼departï¼arriveï¼beginï¼leave çãä¾å¦ï¼
The plane leaves at three sharp. The new teachers arrive tomorrow.
ï¼4ï¼å¨ç±whyï¼whatï¼whereï¼whoeverï¼whoï¼thatï¼as çå¼å¯¼çä»å¥ä¸ï¼ä¹å¸¸ç¨ä¸è¬ç°å¨æ¶ä»£æ¿å°æ¥æ¶ãä¾å¦ï¼
Free tickets will be given to whoever comes first.
Youâll probably be in the same train as I am tomorrow.
ä¸è¬è¿å»æ¶
ï¼1ï¼è¡¨ç¤ºè¿å»æä¸ç¹å®æ¶é´æåççãå¯å®æçå¨ä½æç¶æï¼å¸¸ä¸è¡¨ç¤ºç¡®åè¿å»æ¶é´çè¯ãçè¯æä»å¥è¿ç¨ãå¦ yesterday, last year, in 1949, a minute ago, just now
ä¾å¦ï¼ We went to the pictures last night and saw a very interesting film.
ï¼2ï¼è¡¨ç¤ºè¿å»ä¹ æ¯æ§å¨ä½ãä¾å¦ï¼
He always went to class last.
I used to do my homework in the library.
ï¼æ³¨æä¸be used to doingçè¯çåºå«ï¼
ï¼3) å¨since å¼å¯¼çç¶è¯ä»å¥å¤ç¨ä¸è¬è¿å»æ¶.主å¥ä¸ä¸è¬ç¨å®ææ¶
He has changed much since I saw him last.
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ï¼1ï¼è¡¨ç¤ºå°æ¥æç®è¿è¡ææå¾
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I shall graduate next year.
ï¼2ï¼å ç§æ¿ä»£å½¢å¼ï¼
1ï¼be going to +vå¨å£è¯ä¸å¹¿æ³ä½¿ç¨ï¼è¡¨ç¤ºåå¤åæå°åççäºæ
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Iâm going to buy a house when weâve saved enough money.
2ï¼be to +v表示计åå®æè¦åçäºï¼å
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I am to play tennis this afternoon.
3ï¼be about to +v表示å³å°åççäºæ
ãä¾å¦ï¼ He was about to start.
4ï¼be due to +v表示é¢å
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The train is due to depart in ten minutes.
5ï¼be on the point/verge of +v â ing 强è°å³å°åççæç§äºæãä¾å¦ï¼
The baby was on the point of crying when her mother finally came home.
6) æäºå¨è¯ç¨ç°å¨è¿è¡æ¶,表示å¨æè¿æ计åæå®æè¦è¿è¡çå¨ä½,å¤å表示æªæ¥æ¶é´çç¶è¯è¿ç¨ We are leaving on Friday.
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ï¼1ï¼è¡¨ç¤ºç°å¨æ£å¨è¿è¡çå¨ä½ï¼å¸¸ä¸nowï¼right nowï¼at the momentï¼for the time beingï¼for the presentçè¿ç¨ãä¾å¦ï¼
Donât disturb her. She is reading a newspaper now.
ï¼2ï¼è¡¨ç¤ºç°é¶æ®µç»å¸¸åççå¨ä½ï¼ 常ä¸alwaysï¼continuallyï¼foreverï¼constantlyçè¿ç¨ãä¾å¦ï¼ My father is forever criticizing me.
ï¼3ï¼è¡¨ç¤ºæ ¹æ®è®¡åæå®æå¨æè¿è¦è¿è¡çäºæ
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éäºè¿æ¸¡æ§å¨è¯ãå³è¡¨ç¤ºä»ä¸ä¸ªç¶ææä½ç½®è½¬ç§»å°å¦ä¸ä¸ªç¶ææä½ç½®ä¸å»çå¨è¯ã常ç¨çæï¼goï¼comeï¼leaveï¼startï¼arriveï¼returnçãä¾å¦ï¼
They are leaving for Hong Kong next month.
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ï¼åå¨ï¼ä»å±âççå¨è¯ãå¦ï¼seeï¼hearï¼smellï¼tasteï¼feelï¼noticeï¼lookï¼appearï¼ï¼è¡¨ç¤ºæè§çè¯ï¼ï¼hateï¼loveï¼fearï¼likeï¼wantï¼wishï¼preferï¼refuseï¼forgiveï¼è¡¨ç¤ºææ
çå¨è¯ï¼ï¼beï¼existï¼remainï¼stayï¼obtainï¼è¡¨ç¤ºåå¨ç¶æçå¨è¯ï¼ï¼haveï¼possessï¼ownï¼containï¼belongï¼consist ofï¼formï¼è¡¨ç¤ºå æä¸ä»å±çå¨è¯ï¼ï¼understandï¼knowï¼believeï¼doubtï¼forgetï¼rememberï¼è¡¨ç¤ºæèç解çå¨è¯ï¼ãä½æ¯å¦æå®ä»¬è¯ä¹æ¹åï¼ä¾¿ä¹å¯ç¨è¿è¡æ¶æãä¾å¦ï¼ Tom looks pale. Whatâs wrong with him?
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Tom is looking for his books. ï¼look å¨æ¤ä¸ºå®ä¹å¨è¯ï¼æ为â寻æ¾âï¼
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è¿å»è¿è¡æ¶è¡¨ç¤ºä¸ä¸ªè¿å»çå¨ä½åçæ¶æåçåï¼å¦ä¸ä¸ªè¿å»çå¨ä½æ£å¨è¿è¡ï¼æ表示è¿å»åå¤çä¹ æ¯ï¼å¸¸ä¸alwaysï¼continuallyï¼constantlyçå¨è¯è¿ç¨ãä¾å¦ï¼
We were discussing the matter when the headmaster entered.
Whenever I visited him, he was always writing at the desk.
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å°æ¥è¿è¡æ¶ä¸»è¦è¡¨ç¤ºå°æ¥æä¸æ¶å»æ£å¨è¿è¡çå¨ä½ï¼æ表示è¦å¨å°æ¥æä¸æ¶å»å¼å§ï¼å¹¶ç»§ç»ä¸å»çå¨ä½ã常ç¨æ¥è¡¨ç¤ºç¤¼è²ç询é®ã请æ±çãä¾å¦ï¼
This time next day they will be sitting in the cinema.
What will you be doing at six tomorrow evening?
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ï¼1ï¼ç°å¨å®ææ¶ç¨æ¥è¡¨ç¤ºå¯¹ç®åç¶åµä»æå½±åçï¼ååå®æçå¨ä½ï¼å¸¸ä¸yetï¼alreadyï¼justè¿ç¨ï¼ï¼æè
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I have just finished my homework. Mary has been ill for three days.
ï¼2ï¼å¸¸ä¸ç°å¨å®ææ¶è¿ç¨çæ¶é´ç¶è¯æï¼since, for, during, overçå¼å¯¼åºççè¯ï¼å¯è¯already, yet, just, ever, now, before, often, lately, recentlyçï¼ç¶è¯è¯ç»this week (morning, month, year), so far, up to now, many times, up to the presentçãä¾å¦ï¼
I havenât been there for five years.
So far, she hasnât enjoyed the summer vacation.
There have been a lot of changes since 1978.
ï¼3ï¼å®ææ¶æå¯ç¨å¨ä¸åç»æä¸ï¼
This (That) is (was) the first (secondâ¦) time +å®è¯ä»å¥ï¼This (That, It) is (was) the only (last) + n +å®è¯ä»å¥ï¼This (That, It) is (was) +形容è¯æé«çº§+ n +å®è¯ä»å¥ãå¦æ主å¥çè°è¯å¨è¯æ¯ä¸è¬ç°å¨æ¶ï¼ä»å¥çè°è¯å¨è¯é常ç¨ç°å¨å®ææ¶ï¼å¦æ主å¥è°è¯å¨è¯æ¯ä¸è¬è¿å»æ¶ï¼ä»å¥è°è¯å¨è¯é常ç¨è¿å»å®ææ¶ãä¾å¦ï¼
This is one of the rarest questions that have ever been raised at such a meeting.
There was a knock at the door. That was the second time someone had interrupted me that evening.
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åµï¼è¿ä¸ªè¿å»çæ¶é´å¯ä»¥ç¨byï¼beforeçä»è¯çè¯æä¸ä¸ªæ¶é´ç¶è¯ä»å¥æ¥è¡¨ç¤ºï¼æè
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We had just had our breakfast when Tom came in.
By the end of last year they had turned out 5, 000 bicycles.
ï¼2ï¼å¨è¯expect, hope, mean, intend, plan, suppose, wish, want, desireçç¨è¿å»å®ææ¶ï¼è¡¨ç¤ºè¿å»çå¸æãé¢æãæå¾ææ¿æç没æå®ç°ãä¾å¦ï¼
I had meant to take a good holiday this year, but I wasnât able to get away.
å¦å¤ä¸¤ç§è¡¨ç¤ºâè¿å»æ³åèæªåçäºâç表达æ¹å¼æ¯ï¼
1ï¼was / were + to have done sth, ä¾å¦ï¼
We were to have come yesterday, but we couldnât.
2ï¼intended (expected, hope, meant, planned, supposed, wished, wanted, desired) + to have done sth, ä¾å¦ï¼
I meant to have told you about it, but I forgot to do so.
ï¼3ï¼è¿å»å®ææ¶å¸¸ç¨äºä»¥ä¸åºå®å¥åï¼
1ï¼hardly, scarcely, barely + è¿å»å®ææ¶+ when + è¿å»æ¶ãä¾å¦ï¼
Hardly had I got on the bus when it started to move.
2ï¼no sooner +è¿å»å®ææ¶+ than +è¿å»æ¶ãä¾å¦ï¼
No sooner had I gone out than he came to see me.
3ï¼by (the end of ) +è¿å»æ¶é´ï¼ä¸»å¥ä¸è°è¯å¨è¯ç¨è¿å»å®ææ¶ãä¾å¦ï¼
The experiment had been finished by 4 oâclock yesterday afternoon.
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å°æ¥å®ææ¶è¡¨ç¤ºå¨å°æ¥æä¸æ¶å»å°å®ææå¨å¦ä¸ä¸ªæªæ¥çå¨ä½åçä¹åå·²ç»å®æçå¨ä½ï¼ä¹å¯ä»¥ç¨æ¥è¡¨ç¤ºä¸ç§çæµã常ä¸å°æ¥å®ææ¶è¿ç¨çæ¶é´ç¶è¯æï¼by (the time / the end of ) + 表示å°æ¥æ¶é´ççè¯åå¥åï¼before (the end of ) + 表示å°æ¥æ¶é´çè¯è¯æå¥åï¼when, afterçå ä¸è¡¨ç¤ºå°æ¥å¨ä½çå¥åçãä¾å¦ï¼
By this time tomorrow you will have arrived in Shanghai.
I shall have finished this composition before 9 oâclock.
When we get on the railway station, the train will probably have left.
å®æè¿è¡æ¶
å®æè¿è¡æ¶æ¯å®ææ¶ç强è°å½¢å¼ï¼æç°å¨å®æè¿è¡æ¶ï¼è¿å»å®æè¿è¡æ¶ï¼å°æ¥å®æè¿è¡æ¶ã
ï¼1ï¼ç°å¨å®æè¿è¡æ¶è¡¨ç¤ºè¿å»æä¸æ¶å»ä¹åå¼å§çå¨ä½æç¶æä¸ç´å»¶ç»å°è¿å»æä¸æ¶å»ãä¾å¦ï¼
I have been looking for my lost b here?
ä½å°±å¤§å¤æ°å¨è¯èè¨,å¨ä¸ç¨è¡¨ç¤ºä¸æ®µæ¶é´å°ç¶è¯çæ
åµä¸,ç°å¨å®ææ¶è¡¨ç¤ºå¨ä½çå®æ,èç°å¨å®æè¿è¡æ¶è¡¨ç¤ºå¨ä½ç继ç». ook for three days, but I still havenât found it.
æå°æ°å¨è¯å¦work, study, live, teach ç, ç¨ç°å¨å®ææ¶åç°å¨å®æè¿è¡æ¶ææç¸å·®æ å .
How long have you studied here?
How long have you been studying
They have widened the road.
They have been widening the road.
ï¼2ï¼è¿å»å®æè¿è¡æ¶è¡¨ç¤ºè¿å»æä¸æ¶å»ä¹åå¼å§çå¨ä½æç¶æä¸ç´å»¶ç»å°è¿å»æä¸æ¶å»ãä¾å¦ï¼
It had been raining cats and dogs for over a week and the downpour had caused landslides in many places.
ï¼3ï¼å°æ¥å®æè¿è¡æ¶è¡¨ç¤ºå¨å°æ¥æä¸æ¶å»ä¹åå¼å§çä¸ä¸ªå¨ä½æç¶æä¸ç´å»¶ç»å°å°æ¥æä¸æ¶å»ãä¾å¦ï¼
By the time you arrive tonight, she will have been typing for hours.
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