.1 一般现在时的用法
1) 经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频腮度的时间状语连用。 时间状语： every„, sometimes, at„, on Sunday
I leave home for school at 7 every morning. 2) 客观真理，客观存在，科学事实。
The earth moves around the sun. Shanghai lies in the east of China. 3) 表示格言或警句中。
Pride goes before a fall. 骄者必败。
注意：此用法如果出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句谓语也要用一般现在时。 例：Columbus proved that the earth is round.. 4) 现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。
I don't want so much. Ann Wang writes good English but does not speak well. 比较：Now I put the sugar in the cup. I am doing my homework now.
第一句用一般现在时，用于操作演示或指导说明的示范性动作，表示言行的瞬间动作。再如：Now watch me, I switch on the current and stand back. 第二句中的now是进行时的标志，表示正在进行的动作的客观状况，所以后句用一般现在时。 二. 构成及变化
1、be动词的变化
肯定句：主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。如： I am a boy. 我是一个男孩。 否定句：主语+ be + not +其它。如：He is not a worker. 他不是工人。
一般疑问句：Be +主语+其它。 如：-Are you a student? -Yes. I am. / No, I'm not.
特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：Where is my bike? 2、行为动词的变化
当主语为第一，二人称及复数时，助动词为do
肯定句：主语+动词原形(+其它)。 如： We often play basketball after school.
否定句：主语+ don't+动词原形(+其它)。 如：we don’t play basketball after school. 一般疑问句：Do +主语+动词原形+其它? 如： Do you often play basketball after school l? Yes, we do. / No, we don't.
特殊疑问句：疑问词+以do开头的一般疑问句? 如： What do you often do after school ? 当主语为第三人称单数时 ,助动词为does
肯定句：主语+动词三单式(+其它)。如： He swims well. 否定句：主语+ doesn’t+动词原形(+其它)。 如：He doesn’t swim well..
一般疑问句：Does +主语+动词原形+其它。 如：Does he swim well ?
Yes, he does. / No, he doesn't.
特殊疑问句：疑问词+以does开头的一般疑问句? 如： How does your father go to work?
三、第三人称单数的动词变化规则(只有在第三人称为主语的肯定句中，动词才用三单式) (1)多数动词直接加s:
runs gets likes collets takes plays climbs„„.
(2)结尾是s, x, sh, ch, o,前为辅音字母,结尾加es : watches teaches goes does washes crosses mixes brushes
(3)
动词末尾
y
前为辅音
:
将
y
改为
i
加
es:
study
→
studies fly
→
flies carry
→
carries cry
→
cries
但在
y
前如果为元音则直接加
s:
buys says
2 一般过去时的用法
1）在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。
时间状语有：yesterday, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982 yesterday morning (afternoon, evening„) last night (week, month, year„), a moment ago , a week ago, three years ago„ just now,等。
Where did you go just now?
2）表示在过去一段时间内，经常性或习惯性的动作。 When I was a child, I often played football in the street.
Whenever the Browns went during their visit, they were given a warm welcome. 3）句型：
It is time for sb. to do sth "到„„时间了" "该„„了" It is time sb. did sth. "时间已迟了" "早该„„了" It is time for you to go to bed. 你该睡觉了。 It is time you went to bed. 你早该睡觉了。 would (had) rather sb. did sth. 表示'宁愿某人做某事'
I'd rather you came tomorrow.
4) wish, wonder, think, hope 等用过去时，作试探性的询问、请求、建议等。 I thought you might have some. 我以为你想要一些。
比较： 一般过去时表示的动作或状态都已成为过去，现已不复存在。 Christine was an invalid all her life. (含义：她已不在人间。)
Christine has been an invalid all her life. (含义：她现在还活着)
Mrs. Darby lived in Kentucky for seven years. (含义：达比太太已不再住在肯塔基州。) Mrs. Darby has lived in Kentucky for seven years. ( 含义：现在还住在肯塔基州，有可能指刚离去) 注意： 用过去时表示现在，表示委婉语气。 1）动词want, hope, wonder, think, intend 等。 Did you want anything else? I wondered if you could help me. 2）情态动词 could, would. Could you lend me your bike?
3 used to / be used to
used to + do："过去常常"表示过去习惯性的动作或状态，但如今已不存在。 Mother used not to be so forgetful.
Scarf used to take a walk. (过去常常散步)
be used to + doing： 对„„已感到习惯，或"习惯于"，to是介词，后需加名词或动名词。 He is used to a vegetarian diet.
Scarf is used to taking a walk.(现在习惯于散步)
二、构成及变化
1. Be动词在一般过去时中的变化：
am 和is在一般过去时中变为was。(was not=wasn’t) are在一般过去时中变为were。(were not=weren’t)
带有was或were的句子，其否定、疑问的变化和is, am, are一样，即否定句在was或were后加not，一般疑问句把was或were调到句首。 2.行为动词在一般过去时中的变化： 肯定句 ： 主语 + 动词的过去式 . I watched a film last Sunday .
否定句 ： 主语+ didn’t + 动词原形. I didn’t watch a film last Sunday .
一般疑问句：Did + 主语 + 动词原形 ?
Did you watch a film last Sunday ? Yes, I did . No , I didn’t . 特殊疑问句：疑问词+ 以did 开头的一般疑问句 ? What did you do last Sunday ? 3、现在进行时
一、意义——当表示现在正在进行的动作或正在发生的事。 时间标志——now，句前的look ,listen
二、构成:be (am, is ,are )+动词现在分词-ing形式 肯定句： 主语 + be + 现在分词V-ing (+ 其他) I’m doing my homework now .
否定句：主语+be+not+动词-ing +其他. I’m not doing my homework now. 一般疑问句：Be+主语+动词-ing +其他?
Are you doing your home work now? Yes, I am . No , I’m not .
特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+be+主语+动词-ing+其他? What are you doing now ? 三、现在分词的构成： (1)一般在动词末尾直接加ing,
(2)以不发音字母e结尾的动词，先去掉e,再加ing，
如 skate →skating make →making dance → dancing write → writing have → having ride → riding come → coming
(3)以重读闭音节结尾的动词，中间只有一个元音字母，词尾只有一个辅音字母，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing, 如： putting running beginning stopping swimming shopping jogging sitting getting forgetting letting 四、现在进行时的基本用法：
4
a. 表示现在( 指说话人说话时) 正在发生的事情。
We are waiting for you.
b. 习惯进行：表示长期的或重复性的动作，说话时动作未必正在进行。 Mr. Green is writing another novel.
(说话时并未在写，只处于写作的状态。)
She is learning piano under Mr. Smith.
c. 表示渐变的动词有：get, grow, become, turn, run, go, begin等。
The leaves are turning red.
It's getting warmer and warmer.
d. 与always, constantly, forever 等词连用，表示反复发生的动作或持续存在的状态，往往带有说话人的主观色彩。
You are always changing your mind.
9 不用进行时的动词 1) 事实状态的动词
have, belong, possess, cost, owe, exist, include, contain, matter, weigh, measure, continue I have two brothers.
This house belongs to my sister. 2) 心理状态的动词
Know, realize, think see, believe, suppose, imagine, agree, recognize, remember, want, need, forget, prefer, mean, understand, love, hate I need your help. He loves her very much. 3 ) 瞬间动词
accept, receive, complete, finish, give, allow, decide, refuse. I accept your advice. 4) 系动词
seem, remain, lie, see, hear, smell, feel, taste, get, become, turn You seem a little tired.
4 过去进行时
1）概念：过去进行时主要表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作，或表示过去某一阶段一直在进行的动作
2）过去进行时的主要用法是描述一件事发生的背景；一个长动作发生的时候，另一个短动作发生。
3) 常用的时间状语
this morning, the whole morning, all day yesterday, from nine to ten last evening, when, while My brother fell while he was riding his bicycle and hurt himself. It was raining when they left the station.
一、过去进行时结构：
was/were + 动词的现在分词
否定句则在was/were后加一个not,疑问句将was/were提前则可。 如：He was reading a book at 5:00pm yesterday.
→He was not reading a book at 5:00 yesterday.
→Was he reading a book at 5:00 yesterday? (Yes, he was./ No, he wasn’t.) →What was he doing at 5:00 yesterday?
二、过去进行时用法：
1. 过去进行时主要表示过去某个时刻正在进行的动作，常和表示过去的状语连用。如： （just）then 那时，当时 at this/that time 在这/那时 yesterday afternoon昨天下午
at nine 在九点 last night 昨晚 （at）this time yesterday在昨天这个时候
但在不少情况下，没有表示时间的状语，这时需要通过上下文来表示。 ①What were you doing at nine last night? 昨晚九点的时候，你在做什么？
②I was watching TV at home yesterday afternoon. 我昨天下午正在家里看电视。 ③They were playing football at this time yesterday.昨天这个时候他们在踢足球。 2.过去进行时也可以表示过去某一段时间内正在进行的动作。常与those days, the whole morning, from 8:00 to 12:00 last night等时间状语连用。 （1）From 1983 to 1998 , he was teaching at Yale . 从1983到1998年，他正在耶鲁大学教书。 （2）They were building a bridge last winter . 去年冬天他们正在造一座桥。 (3) He was writing a book those days. 那几天他正在写一本书
3.过去进行时与频度副词always forever， continually， constantly等连用时表示过去经常反复的动作，常常带有埋怨、讨厌、赞扬或喜爱等情绪。 ⑴My sister was always forgetting things.(表示埋怨) ⑵He was always helping others. (表示赞扬) 4. 过去进行时表示过去将要发生的动作。
现在进行时可以表示将来的动作，同样，过去进行时也可以表示从过去某时看来将要发生的动作，常用在间接引语中。
①Lucy arrived in Beijing last Friday. But she was leaving for Hong Kong the next morning. 上周五Lucy到达北京，但第二天早晨就要动身去香港了。
②She asked him if he was coming back for lunch. 她问他午饭是否准备回来吃。 5、过去进行时和一般过去时的区别。
求采纳。
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