except for/that的用法
except 除后跟名词、代词作宾语外,还可跟介词,也可跟
从句。except for后一般跟名词或
名词性短语；except that后一般跟从句，这是二者最大区别；
(1)except for...是"除了因为……;要不是……;除去……一点外"的意思,表示"对一个人或事物,先做一个整体评价,然后再就局部提出一点看法"。即一部分被肯定,另一部分被否定,这就是所谓的"排除否定式"。其判别标志是:除去的与保留的"不是
同类项"。例如:
1. It was dark in the city ________ a few weak lights.
A. except for B. except C. besides D. but for
2. Your composition is very good ________ a few spelling mistakes.
A. except that B. except for
C. besides D. beside
析:Key: 1. A 2. B。因为除去的与保留的"不是同类项",故选except for。
(2)except that... 也是"除去……一点外"的意思,但应注意恰当地使用引导词。若从句句意和结构完整,只需用引导词that。例如:
1. The suit fitted him well ________ the colour was a little brighter.
A. except for B. except that
C. except when D. besides
析:Key:B。本题题意为"除色彩艳了一点儿外,这套衣服很适合他",从句the colour was a little brighter句意和结构完整,只需用引导词that,故选except that。
2. -Can you tell me all about the earthquake?
-Sorry,I know nothing about it ________ I read in the newspaper.
A. except B. except for
C. except what D. except that
析:Key:C。因从句中read为及物动词,且其后无宾语,故选except what。
3. Mr Green usually goes to work by bus ________ it rains.
A. besides B. except when
C. except what D. beside
析:Key:B。由于it rains为从句,故排除A、D,且rains为
不及物动词,不需要宾语,故排除C。except when 意为"除了当……的时候"。
(3)except for与except that有时可互相转换。例如:
1. Your composition is very good except for a few spelling mistakes.
=Your composition is very good except that there are a few spelling mistakes.
2. The village is very quiet except for some birds singing in the woods.
=The village is very quiet except that there are some birds singing in the woods.
except for用于表示对主要部分的肯定和对局部的否定。它不表示同类事物之间的关系，其意思为：
1. "除了……以外"。如：
Smith is a good man, except for his bad temper. 史密斯除了脾气不好外，是个好人。
The movie was good except for the ending. 这部电影除了结尾之外都很好。
2. "除去为了……"。如：
Mother wouldn't give him any money except for books and stationery. 除了买书和文具外，妈妈不给他任何钱。
3. "如果不是"，"若非"。如：
Except for you, I would pass the exam. 如果不是你，我就会通过考试。
4. "except for+名词"结构一般可以改写成"except+that从句"。如：
This will do except for the length.= This will do except that it is too long. 如果不是它太长的话，这会很好。
All are here except for the absence of Tina. = All are here except that Tina is absent. 除了
蒂娜以外，大家都在这里。