except for/that的用法
except 除后跟名词、代词作宾语外,还可跟介词,也可跟
从句。except for后一般跟名词或
名词性短语;except that后一般跟从句,这是二者最大区别;
(1)except for...是"除了因为……;要不是……;除去……一点外"的意思,表示"对一个人或事物,先做一个整体评价,然后再就局部提出一点看法"。即一部分被肯定,另一部分被否定,这就是所谓的"排除否定式"。其判别标志是:除去的与保留的"不是
同类项"。例如:
1. It was dark in the city ________ a few weak lights.
A. except for B. except C. besides D. but for
2. Your composition is very good ________ a few spelling mistakes.
A. except that B. except for
C. besides D. beside
析:Key: 1. A 2. B。因为除去的与保留的"不是同类项",故选except for。
(2)except that... 也是"除去……一点外"的意思,但应注意恰当地使用引导词。若从句句意和结构完整,只需用引导词that。例如:
1. The suit fitted him well ________ the colour was a little brighter.
A. except for B. except that
C. except when D. besides
析:Key:B。本题题意为"除色彩艳了一点儿外,这套衣服很适合他",从句the colour was a little brighter句意和结构完整,只需用引导词that,故选except that。
2. -Can you tell me all about the earthquake?
-Sorry,I know nothing about it ________ I read in the newspaper.
A. except B. except for
C. except what D. except that
析:Key:C。因从句中read为及物动词,且其后无宾语,故选except what。
3. Mr Green usually goes to work by bus ________ it rains.
A. besides B. except when
C. except what D. beside
析:Key:B。由于it rains为从句,故排除A、D,且rains为
不及物动词,不需要宾语,故排除C。except when 意为"除了当……的时候"。
(3)except for与except that有时可互相转换。例如:
1. Your composition is very good except for a few spelling mistakes.
=Your composition is very good except that there are a few spelling mistakes.
2. The village is very quiet except for some birds singing in the woods.
=The village is very quiet except that there are some birds singing in the woods.
except for用于表示对主要部分的肯定和对局部的否定。它不表示同类事物之间的关系,其意思为:
1. "除了……以外"。如:
Smith is a good man, except for his bad temper. 史密斯除了脾气不好外,是个好人。
The movie was good except for the ending. 这部电影除了结尾之外都很好。
2. "除去为了……"。如:
Mother wouldn't give him any money except for books and stationery. 除了买书和文具外,妈妈不给他任何钱。
3. "如果不是","若非"。如:
Except for you, I would pass the exam. 如果不是你,我就会通过考试。
4. "except for+名词"结构一般可以改写成"except+that从句"。如:
This will do except for the length.= This will do except that it is too long. 如果不是它太长的话,这会很好。
All are here except for the absence of Tina. = All are here except that Tina is absent. 除了
蒂娜以外,大家都在这里。