1、不定式作定语
不定式在句中作定语，置于被修饰的名词或代词之后。如：
①The next train to arrive is from Washington.
下班车来自华盛顿。
②Do you have anything to be taken to your sister?
有什么需要带给你妹妹的么？
③Do you have anything to say on the question?
对这个问题你有什么想说的么？
④Would you please give me some paper to write on?
你能给我一些纸么？
⑤My wish to visit France has come true at last.
我去法国旅行的愿望终于实现了。
不定式短语作定语和被修饰词之间表示以下关系：
(1)表示将来的动作（例①）。
(2)与被修饰词之间有动宾关系，如是不及物动词，则需加介词（例④）。
(3)与被修饰词之间有动宾关系，同时与句中其它词之间又有逻辑上的主谓关系时，尽管有被动含义，却仍 用主动语态（例③）；如只有动宾关系，而无逻辑上的主谓关系，则需用被动语态（例②）。
(4)不定式作定语时，一般可转换为定语从句，例①to arrive=that will arrive。
扩展资料
1、不定式的一般式
不定式的一般式表示的动作通常与主要谓语的动作同时或几乎同时发生，或是在它之后发生。
He appears to be very happy.他看起来好象很高兴。（同时发生）
To catch the train，we’d better hurry to the station by taxi.为了赶上火车，我们最好赶紧乘出租车去车站。
(to catch the train 发生在hurry to the station 之后.
2、不定式的进行式
不定式的进行式表示正在进行的或与谓语动词同时发生的动作。
I’m glad to be travelling with you.我很高兴和你一起旅游。
3、不定式的完成式
不定式的完成式表示的动作发生在谓语表示的动作之前。
It has been an honor for me to have been invited to your country.对我来说，应邀来你们国家是一件很荣耀的事。
4、不定式的完成进行式
不定式的完成进行式表示的动作在谓语表示的动作之前发生并且一直进行着。
He was said to have been living in London for 20 years.据说他在伦敦一直住了20年。
参考资料：百度百科-动词不定式
温馨提示：答案为网友推荐，仅供参考
第1个回答 推荐于2017-11-26
不定式作定语的用法
不定式及其短语作定语，与其他短语作定语一样，一般都放在被修饰的词之后，通常表示一个将来的动作，有时也可以表示某一过去的特定动作。
一些名词后常用不定式作定语，如：chance(机会），way(方法），time(时间）等；另外，the first,the second,the last,the only等作名词或者它们作形容词用来修饰代词，它们或它们所修饰的代词后，也常用不定式作定语。
不定式作定语时，不定式与被修饰词之间存在的关系复杂，有的是主谓关系；有的是动宾关系；有的是动状关系，还有的不存在主谓、动宾、动状关系。
1、主谓关系的
（1）We must find a person to do the work.
(2) There is no one to take care of her.
(3) In my family,my mother is always the first one to get up.
(4) He is always the first to come and the last to leave.
(5) We need someone to go and get a doctor.
2、动宾关系的
如果不定式与被修饰的词在逻辑上存在动宾关系，不定式里的动词必须是及物动词。注意：是及物动词的，后面不要再加宾语，因为前面的被修饰词是它的宾语；是不及物动词的，要加上适当的介词或副词让它变成及物动词，只有这样，它才能带上前面的宾语。
（1） He has a lot of books to read.
(2) I would like a magazine to look at.
(3) Here is some advice for you to follow.
(4) Do you have anything else to say?
(5) There is no one to take care of.
(6) She has nothing to worry about.
3、动状关系的
被修饰词如果是不定式里动词的状语，应多用介词短语。由于被修饰词前没有介词，所以只能在不定式里的动词后加介词。
（1）Please give me some paper to write on.
(2) Let"s find a room to put these things in
(3） I have no house to live in.
(4) He has no pen to write with.
(5) There are five pairs to choose from.
4、不存在主谓、动宾、动状关系的
被修饰词与不定式里的动词不存在主谓、动宾、动状关系的，被修饰词多是些抽象名词。
（1）I have no time to go to the movie.
（2）There"s no need to send for a doctor.
(3) Where"s the best place to meet?
(4) Is that the way to do it?
(5） I"m not sure about his ability to complete the task alone 但是只能做后置定语.不可能前置的。本回答被网友采纳
不定式及其短语作定语，与其他短语作定语一样，一般都放在被修饰的词之后，通常表示一个将来的动作，有时也可以表示某一过去的特定动作。
一些名词后常用不定式作定语，如：chance(机会），way(方法），time(时间）等；另外，the first,the second,the last,the only等作名词或者它们作形容词用来修饰代词，它们或它们所修饰的代词后，也常用不定式作定语。
不定式作定语时，不定式与被修饰词之间存在的关系复杂，有的是主谓关系；有的是动宾关系；有的是动状关系，还有的不存在主谓、动宾、动状关系。
1、主谓关系的
（1）We must find a person to do the work.
(2) There is no one to take care of her.
(3) In my family,my mother is always the first one to get up.
(4) He is always the first to come and the last to leave.
(5) We need someone to go and get a doctor.
2、动宾关系的
如果不定式与被修饰的词在逻辑上存在动宾关系，不定式里的动词必须是及物动词。注意：是及物动词的，后面不要再加宾语，因为前面的被修饰词是它的宾语；是不及物动词的，要加上适当的介词或副词让它变成及物动词，只有这样，它才能带上前面的宾语。
（1） He has a lot of books to read.
(2) I would like a magazine to look at.
(3) Here is some advice for you to follow.
(4) Do you have anything else to say?
(5) There is no one to take care of.
(6) She has nothing to worry about.
3、动状关系的
被修饰词如果是不定式里动词的状语，应多用介词短语。由于被修饰词前没有介词，所以只能在不定式里的动词后加介词。
（1）Please give me some paper to write on.
(2) Let"s find a room to put these things in
(3） I have no house to live in.
(4) He has no pen to write with.
(5) There are five pairs to choose from.
4、不存在主谓、动宾、动状关系的
被修饰词与不定式里的动词不存在主谓、动宾、动状关系的，被修饰词多是些抽象名词。
（1）I have no time to go to the movie.
（2）There"s no need to send for a doctor.
(3) Where"s the best place to meet?
(4) Is that the way to do it?
(5） I"m not sure about his ability to complete the task alone 但是只能做后置定语.不可能前置的。本回答被网友采纳
第2个回答 2013-10-20
不定式在句中做定语通常做后置定语，即放在被修饰名词或代词后。它通常有以下几种用法：(一)不定式常可用来修饰物，表示要做某事。如：1.The next train to arrive was from NewYork.下一列到站的火车是从纽约开来的。2.I have nothing to say on this question.在这个问题上，我没有什么话要说。3. We are looking for somewhere to live.我们正在找一个地方住。(二)不定式还可用来修饰人。如：1.He was the first guest to arrive.他是第一个到达的客人。2.Miss Brown was the next person to rise to speak.布朗小姐是下一个起来发言的人。3.He was a brave man to do what he did.他是个勇者才有这样的行为。(三)很多特定的名词后也可用不定式做定语，这样的名词常用的有：way，time，reason，chance，opportunity，need，wish，effort，right，ambition等。如：1.It's time for you to get up and go to school.你该起床去上学了。2.There is no reason to doubt his word.没有理由怀疑他的话。3.They have now an opportunity to go abroad to study further.他们现在有机会出国深造。(四)某些动词或形容词后可接不定式时，它相应的同根名词也常用不定式做定语。如：1.He made an attempt to learn English well.他试图学好英语。(attempt to do sth)2.His ability to get on with people is his chief advantage.他能和人相处是他的主要优势。(be able to do sth)3.I don't trust his promise to come for a visit.我不相信他来访的诺言。(promise to do sth)4.Her anxiety to succeed led her to work hard.她迫切想成功，这促使她努力工作。(be anxious to do sth)此外，当不定式中的动词与所修饰的名词或代词构成动宾关系且动词为不及物动词时，需用“不定式+介词”的结构，这种情况下的介词不能省略。如：1.I need a pen to write with.我需要一支笔写字。2.Give me some paper to write on.给我一些纸写字。3.There are some things to be grateful for.有一些事应该为之表示感激。(这种不定式+介词做定语的形式也可转换成：介词+which+todo做定语，如上面的第一句I need a pen to write with.可转换为I need a pen with which to write.)不定式做定语除了原形to do外，还会下面的形式，即：不定式的被动形式to be done，不定式的完成时to have done.如：1.There is no need to have bought a new pair of shoes for me.没有必要给我买一双新鞋。(to have bought意为“已买”).2.There are plans to be made at once.要立即制定计划。(表示计划被制定)3.He was the second man to be killed this way.他是第二个这样被杀害的人。(表示这个人被杀害)注意：当不定式做定语时，有两种情况可用不定式的主动表被动。1.There be句型中不定式to do和to be done都可表被动，可以不区别。如：There are a lot of things to do/to be done this afternoon.今天下午有许多事要做。2.当不定式与所修饰词有动宾关系同时又与本句中的另一个名词或代词构成主谓关系时，可用不定式的主动形式to do表示被动含义。如：Mr.Smith，I have some questions to ask.史密斯先生，我有一些问题要问。(不定式to ask的动作执行者是主语I)Please give me somebooks to read.请给我一些书读。(不定式to read的动作执行者是句中的me)但：I'm going to the post office;do you have anything to be sent？我要去邮局，你有什么要寄的东西吗？(此句中send这个动作不是句中you发出的，所以用了被动)
第3个回答 2013-10-20
找艾佛森问，他是答案
第4个回答 2013-10-20
动词不定式具有形容词性质，所以，它在句子中可作名词或不定代词的定语。但是，这种定语往往只能后置，并且与被修饰的词之间有一定的逻辑关系。这些关系常见的有三种。
1、不定式与被修饰的名词或代词有逻辑上的动宾关系。
He told me he had a composition to write.
I want to get something to drink.
由上述例句得知，此时的不定式必须是及物动词。如果是不及物动词，其后就带一个结构或含义上所需要的介词。如：
Will you please bring me a chair to sit on?
She has nothing to worry about.
2、不定式与被修饰的名词或不定代词有逻辑上的主谓关系。如：
He was the last one to arrive.
Is there anyone to take care of the children.
例句中的不定式动作的逻辑主语分别是one和anyone。此时的不定式在意义上相当于一个定语从句。如： Among the men to take part in the work(==Among the men who are to take part in the work),he is probably the most active.
3、不定式所修饰的词在意义上通常是用于不定式所做某种事情的。如：
We have got a new way to kill field mice.
I think he will have a chance to go to his hometown.
可以看出，way是用来to kill field mice, chance是用来 to go to his hometown。因此，这种类型的不定式译法较灵活。可译作“…的”或“来/去…”等。如：
She has no time to see the film.
1、不定式与被修饰的名词或代词有逻辑上的动宾关系。
He told me he had a composition to write.
I want to get something to drink.
由上述例句得知，此时的不定式必须是及物动词。如果是不及物动词，其后就带一个结构或含义上所需要的介词。如：
Will you please bring me a chair to sit on?
She has nothing to worry about.
2、不定式与被修饰的名词或不定代词有逻辑上的主谓关系。如：
He was the last one to arrive.
Is there anyone to take care of the children.
例句中的不定式动作的逻辑主语分别是one和anyone。此时的不定式在意义上相当于一个定语从句。如： Among the men to take part in the work(==Among the men who are to take part in the work),he is probably the most active.
3、不定式所修饰的词在意义上通常是用于不定式所做某种事情的。如：
We have got a new way to kill field mice.
I think he will have a chance to go to his hometown.
可以看出，way是用来to kill field mice, chance是用来 to go to his hometown。因此，这种类型的不定式译法较灵活。可译作“…的”或“来/去…”等。如：
She has no time to see the film.
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