不定代词人称与数的变化

详细些,请按单词来分条列目,谢

不定代词的人称与数的变化
(一)可分为普 通不定代词,个体不定代词和数量不定代词:
通不定代词:some, any, no, somebody, nobody, anybody, someone, anyone, no one, something, anything, nothing, one
个体不定代词:all, every, each, other, another, either, neither, both, everybody, everyone, everything
数量不定代词:many, much, few, a few, little, a little, a lot of, lots of
(二) 普通不定代词的用法(部分):
some一般用于肯定句, 当预期对方作肯定回答时也用于疑问句:
Could you please give me some information about ir
还用于表示要求和提供某物的句子:
Would you like some tea
2. any 的用法: (1)用于否定句及含有否定意义词(hardly, never, no)的句子中:
I have hardly any time.
(2)用于疑问句中和条件句中: Do you see any birds in the tree
(3) some, any, no, 与 one, thing, body 构成的合成词的用法:这些代词都表示单数的概念,some, any与one, thing, body构成的合成词的区别与和的用法基本相同.
There is someone looking for you outside.
If you want anything, call me, please.
这些代词如被定语修饰, 应放在定语前,如被else修饰,也放在else前:
Is there anything new in the newspaper
I'm afraid I can't help you, you'd better ask someone else.
3. other, another 的用法:
两者均可指人,也可指物,other 意为 "另外",不确指,需要确指时前加定冠词the, the other,,意为 another"另一个":
other: (1)后跟名词(单,复),泛指 "别的,其他的"
The Great Wall is longer than any other wall in the world.
I'll go swimming with other friends tomorrow.
the other后跟名词单或数,或后不跟名词, 特指两者中的另一个:
At last we got the other side of the river.
Thirty are girls and the other students are boys in our class.
I have two pens, one is blue and the other is red.
(3) others 后不加名词,泛指另外一些别的人或事物;the others 特指其余所有的人或事物:
Some of us like playing table-tennis, and others like playing basketball.
Thirty in our class are girls, and the others are boys.
(4) 泛指三者以上的 "一些"不用加the, 用 "some…. others"的形式:
Some people like it, others not.
another:
泛指另一个,不与the连用,只能跟可数名词单数:
I don't like this one, will you please show me another
We asked him to sing us another song.
4.both, either, neither的用法:他们均用于两者之间,neither, either用做单数,both用做复数,
both:肯定句中表示"两者都",用于否定句中表示 "两者不都",即部分否定:
Both of the sisters are good at English.]
Not both of them are good at English.(One is good at English, the other isn't.)
I don't know both his brothers. (I only know one of them.)
Both,,,and,,,, 连接两个主语时谓语动词用复数:
Both my bothers and I are teachers.
(2) neither: 表示"两个都不", either表示"两个中的任何一个", neither是 either的否定形式,两者均表示单数形式,做主语时谓语动词用单数形式:
Either you or he is right.
Neither he nor you is right.
neither是both的反义词,做形容词时与单数名词连用,不用the:
Neither pen writes good.= Neither of the pens writes good.
Neither…nor…, either…or….
Eihter you or I am right.
Nether you nor I am right.=Both you and I are right.
5. (a) little, much, (a) few, many 的用法:
little "很少"表否定, a little "少许"表肯定, much= not a little:
I know little about him. 我不了解他.
I know much about him. 我对他很了解.
There is little to be done, is there
There is a little to be done, isn't there
在对不可数名词提问时要用how much:
I spent a lot of money on books. How much did you spend on books
as little as "尽可能少的" as much as " 尽可能多的" as… as…结构中不用 a little
Few 表示 "很少" 表否定含义, a few "有一些"表肯定含义, many= not a few ""许多,不少, 这三个词用于修饰可数名词:
Few of us understand our teacher.
A few of us understand our teacher.
His book has few readers, does it
His book has a few readers, doesn't it
as few as "尽可能少" as many as "和……一样多" as…as…. 结构中不用a few
温馨提示:答案为网友推荐,仅供参考
第1个回答  2008-05-18
不是指明代替任何特定名词(或形容词)的代词叫做不定代词。不定代词有:
some 一些(可数或不可数)
somebody 某人
someone 某人
something某物,某事
any一些,任何(可数或不可数)
anybody任何人
anyone任何人
anything任何事物
no 无(可数或不可数)
nobody无人
no one无一人
nothing无物
all全体,全部
both两个
neither没有人或物(指两个当中)
none没有人或物(指两个以上)
either任何一个(指两个当中)
each每个
every每个
everybody每人,大家,人人
everyone每人
everything每一个事物,一切
other (s)另一个(些)
another另外一个,又一个
much很多(不可数)
many很多(可数)
few很少(可数)
a few一些,几个(可数)
little很少(不可数)
a little一些(不可数)
one一个(人或物)
不定代词的用法
不定代词大都可代替名词和形容词,在句中可用作主语、宾语、表语和定语。如:
1)用作主语
Both of them are waiters.他们俩人都是男侍者。
Is everybody here?人都到了吗?
2)用作宾语
I know little about the novel关于这本小说我知道的很少。
I am speaking for myself,not for others.我只代表自己,不代表别人发言。
I was interested in everything that the old man told me.我对于这位老人告诉我的一切都感兴趣。
3)用作表语
That';s all for today. class is dismissed.今天就讲这一些。现在下课。
This book is too much for me.这本书对我说太难了。
4)用作定语
Study well and make progress every day.好好学习,天天向上。
He has some English books.他有一些英文书。
china will become a powerful modern country in another twenty years.再过二十年中国将成为现代化强国。
[注]有些不定代词也可用作同位语和状语。如:
Wang and Li both made good progress.王和李两人都有很大进步。(同位语)
They all went to the Zoo.他们都去动物园了。(同位语)
Are you any good at mathematics?你数学好吗?(状语)
The meeting lasted some two hours.会议进行了两个小时左右。(状语)
复合不定代词
由some,any,no,every加上-body,-one,-thing构成的不定代词,叫做复合不定代词。
1)复合不定代词有
a) somebody 某人 someone某人
something某物,某事
b) anybody 任何人 anyone 任何人
anything任何事物
c) nobody 无一人no one无一人
nothing [5nQWiN]无一物
d)everybody,everyone每人,大家,人人
everything每一个事物,一切
2)复合不定代词的用法
a)复合不定代词只相当于名词,在句中用作主语、宾语和表语。如:
Everything is made of elements.任何东西都是元素构成的。(作主语)
I have got nothing to say.我没有什么话要说。(作宾语)
something和anything的区别与some和any的区别一样,前者一般用于肯定句,后者一般用于否定句、疑问句或条件状语从句中。如:
Have you anything to say about this question? –No, I haven’t anything to say. (或I have nothing to say.)(或Yes, I have something to say.) 关于这个问题,你有什么话要讲吗?——我没有什么话要讲。(我有话要说。)
She told them something about her work.她跟他们谈了一些关于她的工作上的事。(作宾语)
b)复合不定代词被形容词所修饰时,形容词须放在它们的后面。如:
There is nothing wrong with the lathe.这个车床没有毛病。
is there anything important in today';s newspaper?今天报纸上有什么重要消息吗?
I need somebody strong to help me.我需要一个体格强壮的人帮助我。
第2个回答  2008-05-18
不定代词的人称是什么,既然不定自然不是你我.但是也不一定,可以含沙射影吧,哈哈

all在表示抽象的整体概念时,作单数
all指人时用作复数,意为指三者以上的“全部”、“全体”
every什么的都是单数
each,当句子的主语以each 开始时, 语法上讲是单数形式,所以动词及相应的代词也必须使用单数形式
但是each可以作副词,那时不影响
neither 在语法上是单数
但它常跟复数动词连用,尤其当后跟of 和一个复数名词
Neither of the candidates are really expressing their own views
some可指代复数但也可以指代不可数的,所以看情况
some什么什么 都是单数
any与单数或复数动词连用,看情况
any什么什么 单数
much 指不可数 单数
many(有个短语里面many后面是单数,但many不是代词了) 复数
a little 单数
a few 复数
nothing 始终是作为一个单数
nobody可以有复数变化nobodies (somebody也是)
所以原来它是单数
传统规则认为either 只能用于指两者之一
作为代名词时,either 是单数,动词应用单数形式
当后面接of 和一个复数名词的时候, either 经常与动词复数形式配合
another单数
暂时弄这么多了
第3个回答  2008-05-18
不定代词后面都加单数谓语动词的。
第4个回答  2008-05-17
1)all,every和each的比较

all在表示抽象的整体概念时,作单数,相当于everything(一切东西),例:

All was destroyed in the big fire.

大火中一切都毁了。

Grasp all, lose all.

什么都抓,什么都抓不住。(谚)

Is that all you Want to know?

你想知道的就这些吗?

all指人时用作复数,意为指三者以上的“全部”、“全体”,相当于everyone(每个),例:

All are present.

大家都出席了。

There is room for all of us.

我们所有的人全坐得下。

She knows us all.

她认识我们所有的人。

all在人称代词前面,只能用all of,而且要与人称代词的宾格us, you, them等连用,如:all of us,而不能说成all us。

every用于三个或三个以上的人或物,是“每一个”的意思,只能作定语,强调整体概念,例:

Every player is present.

每个运动员都出场了。

They helped us in every way.

他们从各方面帮助我们。

在表示“每个”、“全体”意思时,every的意思与all很接近。但一般情况下every和单数名词搭配,all和复数名词搭配,例:

Every child enjoys Christmas.

每个孩子都喜欢过圣诞节。

All children enjoy Christmas.

所有的孩子都喜欢过圣诞节。

Each也是“每一个”的意思,但与every不同,each用于指两个或两个以上的人或物,着重于个别概念,例:

Two men came into the room. Each carried an umbrella.

两个人走进房间,每人拿着一把伞。

Each book on this desk is worth reading.

这桌子上每一本书都值得读。

He gave three to each(of them).

他给(他们)每人三个。

2) some和 any的比较

不定代词some,any都是“一些”的意思,都可和可数名词或不可数名词连用。some一般用于肯定句中;而any则用于否定句、疑问句或条件从句中,例:

Tom has some picture-books.

汤姆有几本图画书。

I have waited some time.

我已等了一会儿了。

Have you any questions?

你有问题吗?

There aren’t any pictures on the wall.

墙上没有图片。

If there are any new magazines in the library, take

some for me.

如果图书馆来了新杂志,替我借几本。

注意:在表示请求或建议,希望得到肯定回答的疑问句中,应用 some而不用 any,例:

Would you please give me some paper?

请你给我一些纸张好吗?

Would you like some sugar?

你要点糖吗?(=给你一些糖好吗?)

some还可用于盼望得到肯定答复的疑问句,如:

Isn’t there some ink in that bottle?

那个瓶不是还有点墨水吗?

当any表示“任何”或“无论哪一个”的意义时,可用于肯定句,此时any要重读,例:

Any one will do.

任何一个都行。

You may come at any time that is convenient to you.

你可以在对你方便的任何时候来。

some, any和 body, one, thing构成合成代词 somebody,someone, something, anybody, anyone, anything等和 some,any的基本用法一样,由some构成的合成代词一般用于肯定句,由any构成的合成代词一般用于否定句和疑问句。

如果要在疑问句中表示请求,建议等肯定的意思或者盼望得到肯定的答复,须用somebody,someone或something。

3) many、 much和 few、little

many(很多), few(很少), a few(有几个)是表示数的代词,用以代替或修饰可数名词; much(很多),little(很少), a little(有一些)是表示量的代词,用以代替或修饰不可数名词。 a few和 a little表示肯定的意义,而 few和little

则表示否定意义。这些词一般作定语时较多,有时也可作主语、宾语,例:

She has as many books as you.

她拥有与你同样多的书。(定语)

I have few books to lend you.

我几乎没书可借给你。(定语)

My mother had a little money on her.

我妈妈身边有点儿钱。(定语)

Many have come to the meeting.

许多人已来开会。(主语)

There is little left.

没剩多少了(主语)。

He knows little about it.

这事他不太了解。(宾语)

How much is it?

多少钱?(表语)

注意: a lot(of), plenty of等一类的短语相当于many和much,可修饰可数或不可数名词,一般用于肯定句,例:

She has a lot of books on this subject.

她有许多关于这个课题的书。

4)other(s),the other和another

other表示“另一个”的意思,在句中可作主语、宾语或定语,不独立使用,通常修饰可数名词复数。其复数形式是others,可独立使用,无范围限定。other和others前面加定冠词the时是特指,表示两个中的一个;前面不带定冠词the时,表示泛指,例:

I have two brothers.One is a doctor,the other is a teacher.

我有两个兄弟。一个是医生,另一个是教师。(特指,作主语)

He is always ready to help others.

他总是乐意帮助别人。(泛指,作宾语)

Five of them are in the classroom.What about the others?

他们中有五个人在教室里。其余的人呢?(特指,作宾语)

another(另外一个,又一个)只能代替或修饰单数名词,可用作主语、宾语或定语,不独立使用。它实际上是由an+other构成的,因此前面不可再用冠词,即不定指。例:

Don’t lose heart.Have another try.

别灰心,再试一次。(作定语)

I have got three English novels.One is written

by Charles Dickens,another(is written)by Mark

Twain,and the third(is written)by Bronte.

我有三本英语小说。一本是查尔·狄更斯写的,另一本是马克·吐温写的,还有一本是布朗蒂写的。(作主语)

another后面还可以跟few 或带数字的复数名词,例:

Just think what our town will be like in another few years.

设想一下,再过几年我们这个城市将是什么样子。

You’d better stay in bed for another two weeks.

你最好再卧床二周。