第1个回答 2009-05-19
Pandas' Introduction
Pandas claims a long intellectual history for evolution and creation (here called intelligent de璼ign). Many of the ancient myths only vaguely suggest evolutionary ideas and have little or no significance for the modern scientific theory of evolution. And many of them are mixtures of these two ideas. Even Genesis states that the universe was without form and its present organization was achieved in stages. White (1960) considers these ancient myths in detail.
Pandas' goal of presenting two alternative interpretations of the phenomena in six specific areas of science is laudable. Unfortunately Pandas' implementation has nothing to recommend it. Most of the facts are incorrect, many pertinent facts are omitted, many evolutionary concepts are distorted beyond recognition. For example, evolution is radically redefined. The mechanisms of evolution and punctuated equilibrium are grossly misrepresented. The nature of the fossil record is distorted and the existence of well-documented transitional forms denied. It is implied that pandas and marsupials cannot be fitted into a hierarchic classification. And finally, to discredit the protein sequencing evidence, Pandas claims that evolution requires a ladder of living forms, rather than a branching phylogenetic tree with the living forms at the tips. And after being fed all this misinfor璵ation, the students are asked to form their own opinion! If they believe what Pandas has pre璼ented, they will have been thoroughly deceived.
Pandas tells us that we observe natural and manmade objects, resulting from two fundamen玺ally different causes: natural and intelligent. But are not manmade objects created by natural means? And what about other "manufactured" objects, such as beaver dams and the nests of birds, wasps and termites and the honeycombs of bees? Certainly letters of the alphabet scratched in the sand were manmade but what about the letters of the alphabet hidden in the colored patterns of the wings of various butterflies? The Mount Rushmore monument is obviously of human origin but what about the face of George Bernard Shaw so clearly shown by the outline and relief of Pointe Bernard Shaw on Isle Radisson in Quebec? What about the regular geological formations pho玺ographed on Mars that look like the ruins of cities or others that resemble faces? We must be very careful if we are to correctly recognize evidence of intelligent beings elsewhere in the universe. But we and scientists are dealing with intelligent beings that work by natural means, not the supernatural beings that Pandas will try to introduce into the science classroom.
Teachers do have the right to present nonevolutionary views in their classrooms. But these are expected to be legitimate scientific views and the teacher has the responsibility to present reliable information and describe scientific concepts and theories accurately and correctly. No creationist work, including the present one, meets those basic requirements.
Although Pandas restricts itself to six subjects, they are certainly not treated in depth. One pe璫uliar feature of the book's organization is that the footnotes to the material in the Excursion chap玺ers are not printed in this book but are found only in the Teacher's Guide. A listing of these refer璭nces will be given and they will receive further attention in the critiques on the Excursion chap玺ers.
As I hope this work shows, Pandas is not a balanced and intellectually honest treatment. It is (for a creationist work) a low-key and skillful polemic against evolution.
第2个回答 2020-02-08
Pandas
are
one
of
the
most
precious
animals
in
the
world.
They
are
white
and
black.They
look
fat
and
funny.Theyeat
bamboo.People
all
over
the
world
like
them
very
much.
There
used
to
be
many
pandas
in
China
long
ago.
As
the
balance
of
nature
was
destroyed
and
the
weather
was
getting
warmer
and
warmer,
pandas
became
less.
But
at
present,
the
number
of
pandas
is
increasing
year
by
year.
There
are
now
so
many
pandas
that
some
are
being
sent
to
other
countries
so
that
people
there
can
enjoy
them.
The
biggest
nature
park
for
panda
in
China
is
in
Sichuan.
Scientists
hope
that
one
day
they
will
have
enough
pandas
to
be
set
free
and
let
them
live
in
the
wild
again.
熊猫是世界上最珍贵的动物之一。它们黑白相间，看起来肥胖而有趣。它们以竹叶为食。全世界的人们都非常喜欢它们。中国在很久以前有很多熊猫。后来因为生态平衡被破坏和气候的变暖，熊猫数量减少了。但现在熊猫数量又在逐年增加。甚至有很多熊猫被送往其他国家，以便人们能观赏它们。中国最大的熊猫公园在四川。科学家希望有朝一日能有足够的熊猫被放归自然，让它们重享野外生活。
第3个回答 2019-12-17
Pandas
are
one
of
the
most
precious
animals
in
the
world.
They
are
white
and
black.They
look
fat
and
funny.Theyeat
bamboo.People
all
over
the
world
like
them
very
much.
There
used
to
be
many
pandas
in
China
long
ago.
As
the
balance
of
nature
was
destroyed
and
the
weather
was
getting
warmer
and
warmer,
pandas
became
less.
But
at
present,
the
number
of
pandas
is
increasing
year
by
year.
There
are
now
so
many
pandas
that
some
are
being
sent
to
other
countries
so
that
people
there
can
enjoy
them.
The
biggest
nature
park
for
panda
in
China
is
in
Sichuan.
Scientists
hope
that
one
day
they
will
have
enough
pandas
to
be
set
free
and
let
them
live
in
the
wild
again.
熊猫是世界上最珍贵的动物之一。它们黑白相间，看起来肥胖而有趣。它们以竹叶为食。全世界的人们都非常喜欢它们。中国在很久以前有很多熊猫。后来因为生态平衡被破坏和气候的变暖，熊猫数量减少了。但现在熊猫数量又在逐年增加。甚至有很多熊猫被送往其他国家，以便人们能观赏它们。中国最大的熊猫公园在四川。科学家希望有朝一日能有足够的熊猫被放归自然，让它们重享野外生活。