1931å¹´,Vannever Bush åæäºä¸é¨å¯ä»¥è§£å³å·®åç¨åºç计æ°æºï¼è¿æºå¨å¯ä»¥è§£å³ä¸äºä»¤æ°å¦å®¶ï¼ç§å¦å®¶å¤´ççå¤æå·®åç¨åºã
1935å¹´,IBM (International Business Machine Corporation) å¼å
¥ "IBM 601âï¼å®æ¯ä¸é¨æç®æ¯é¨ä»¶åå¯å¨1ç§éå
计ç®ä¹æ°çç©¿ååæºå¨ã å®å¯¹ç§å¦ååä¸ç计ç®èµ·å¾å¤§çä½ç¨ãæ»å
±å¶é äº1500 é¨ã
1937å¹´,Alan Turing æ³åºäºä¸ä¸ª "éç¨æºå¨(Universal Machine)â çæ¦å¿µï¼å¯ä»¥æ§è¡ä»»ä½çç®æ³ï¼å½¢æäºä¸ä¸ª"å¯è®¡ç®(computability)âçåºæ¬æ¦å¿µãTuring çæ¦å¿µæ¯å
¶å®åç±»åçåæ为好ï¼å 为ä»ç¨äºç¬¦å·å¤ç(symbol processing) çæ¦å¿µã
1939å¹´11æ,John Vincent Atannsoff ä¸ John Berry å¶é äºä¸é¨16ä½å æ°å¨ãå®æ¯ç¬¬ä¸é¨ç¨ç空管计ç®çæºå¨ã
1939å¹´,Zuse ä¸ Schreyer å¼é¶å¶é äº"V2âãåæ¥å«Z2ãï¼è¿æºå¨æ²¿ç¨ Z1çæºæ¢°è´®åå¨ï¼å ä¸ä¸ä¸ªç¨æçµå¨é»è¾(Relay Logic)çæ°ç®æ¯é¨ä»¶ãä½å½ Zuseå®æè稿åï¼è¿è®¡å被ä¸æä¸å¹´ã
1939-40å¹´,Schreyer å®æäºç¨ç空管ç10ä½å æ°å¨ï¼ä»¥åç¨æ°æ°ç¯(éè¹ç¯)çåè´®å¨ã
1940å¹´1æ,å¨ Bell Labs, Samuel Williams åStibitz å®æäºä¸é¨å¯ä»¥è®¡ç®å¤ææ°åçæºå¨ï¼ å«âå¤ææ°å计æ°æº(Complex Number Calculator)âï¼åæ¥æ¹ç§°ä¸ºâæçµå¨è®¡æ°æºåå·I (Model I Relay Calculator)â ãå®ç¨çµè¯å¼å
³é¨ä»½åé»è¾é¨ä»¶ï¼145个æçµå¨ï¼10个横æ å¼å
³ãæ°åç¨âPlus 3BCDâ代表ãå¨åå¹´9æï¼çµä¼ æå etype å®è£
å¨ä¸ä¸ªæ°å¦ä¼è®®éï¼ç±New Hampshire è¿æ¥å»çº½çº¦ã
1940å¹´, Zuse ç»äºå®æZ2ï¼å®æ¯è¿ä½å¾æ´å¥½ï¼ä½ä¸æ¯å¤ªå¯é ã
1941å¹´å¤å£ï¼AtanasoffåBerryå®æäºä¸é¨ä¸ä¸ºè§£å³èç«çº¿æ§æ¹ç¨ç³»ç»(system of simultaneous linear equations) ç计ç®å¨ï¼åæ¥å«å"ABC (Atanasoff-Berry Computer)âï¼å®æ60个50ä½çåè´®å¨ï¼ä»¥çµå®¹å¨(capacitories)çå½¢å¼å®è£
å¨2个æ转çé¼ä¸ï¼æ¶éé度æ¯60Hzã
1941å¹´2æ,Zuse å®æ"V3â(åæ¥å«Z3)ï¼æ¯ç¬¬ä¸é¨æä½ä¸å¯ç¼åç¨åºç计æ°æºãå®äº¦æ¯ç¨æµ®ç¹æä½ï¼æ7个ä½çææ°ï¼14ä½çå°¾æ°ï¼ä»¥åä¸ä¸ªæ£è´å·ãåè´®å¨å¯ä»¥è´®å64个åï¼æ以éè¦1400个æçµå¨ãå®æå¤äº1200个çç®æ¯åæ§å¶é¨ä»¶ï¼èç¨åºç¼åï¼è¾å
¥ï¼è¾åºçä¸ Z1 ç¸åã 1943å¹´1æ Howard H. Aikenå®æ"ASCC Mark Iâ(èªå¨æåºæ§å¶è®¡ç®å¨ Mark I ï¼Automatic Sequence -- Controlled Calculator Mark I)ï¼äº¦ç§°âHaward Mark Iâãè¿é¨æºå¨æ51å°ºé¿ï¼é5é¡¿ï¼ç± 750,000é¨ä»½å并èæãå®æ72个累å å¨ï¼æ¯ä¸ä¸ªæèªå·±çç®æ¯é¨ä»¶ï¼å23ä½æ°çå¯åå¨ã
1943å¹´12æ, Tommy Flowersä¸ä»çéä¼ï¼å®æ第ä¸é¨âColossusâï¼å®æ2400个ç空管ç¨ä½é»è¾é¨ä»¶ï¼5 个纸带å读åå¨(reader)ï¼æ¯ä¸ªå¯ä»¥æ¯ç§å·¥ä½5000å符ã
1943å¹´,ç± John Braineredé¢å¯¼ï¼ENIACå¼å§ç 究ãè John Mauchly åJ. Presper Eckertè´è´£è¿è®¡åçæ§è¡ã
1946v第ä¸å°çµåæ°å积å计ç®å¨(ENIAC)å¨ç¾å½å»ºé å®æã
1947å¹´,ç¾å½è®¡ç®å¨åä¼(ACM)æç«ã
1947å¹´,è±å½å®æäºç¬¬ä¸ä¸ªåå¨ç空管O 1948è´å°çµè¯å
¬å¸ç å¶æå导ä½ã
1949å¹´,è±å½å»ºé å®æ"延è¿åå¨çµåèªå¨è®¡ç®å¨"(EDSAC)
1950å¹´,"èªå¨å"ä¸è¯ç¬¬ä¸æ¬¡ç¨äºæ±½è½¦å·¥ä¸ã
1951å¹´,ç¾å½éº»ççå·¥å¦é¢å¶æç£å¿
1952å¹´,第ä¸å°"å¨åç¨åºè®¡ç®å¨"è¯çã
1952å¹´,第ä¸å°å¤§å计ç®æºç³»ç»IBM701宣å¸å»ºé å®æã
1952å¹´,第ä¸å°ç¬¦å·è¯è¨ç¿»è¯æºåææåã
1954å¹´,第ä¸å°å导ä½è®¡ç®æºç±è´å°çµè¯å
¬å¸ç å¶æåã
1954å¹´,第ä¸å°éç¨æ°æ®å¤çæºIBM650è¯çã
1955å¹´,第ä¸å°å©ç¨ç£å¿ç大å计ç®æºIBM705建é å®æã
1956å¹´,IBMå
¬å¸æ¨åºç§å¦704计ç®æºã
1957å¹´,ç¨åºè®¾è®¡è¯è¨FORTRANé®ä¸ã
1959å¹´,第ä¸å°å°åç§å¦è®¡ç®å¨IBM620ç å¶æåã
1960å¹´,æ°æ®å¤çç³»ç»IBM1401ç å¶æåã
1961å¹´,ç¨åºè®¾è®¡è¯è¨COBOLé®ä¸ã
1961å¹´,第ä¸å°åç³»ç»è®¡ç®æºç±éº»ççå·¥å¦é¢è®¾è®¡å®æã
1963å¹´,BASICè¯è¨é®ä¸ã
1964å¹´,第ä¸ä»£è®¡ç®æºIBM360ç³»åå¶æã
1965å¹´,ç¾å½æ°å设å¤å
¬å¸æ¨åºç¬¬ä¸å°å°åæºPDP-8ã
1969å¹´,IBMå
¬å¸ç å¶æå90åå¡çæºåç³»ç»--3计ç®æºç³»ç»ã
1970å¹´,IBMç³»ç»1370计ç®æºç³»åå¶æã
1971å¹´,ä¼å©è¯ºå¤§å¦è®¾è®¡å®æä¼å©é¿å
IVå·¨å计ç®æºã
1971å¹´,第ä¸å°å¾®å¤çæº4004ç±è±ç¹å°å
¬å¸ç å¶æåã
1972å¹´,å¾®å¤çæºåºçå¼å§å¤§éç产éå®ã
1973å¹´,第ä¸ç软ç£çç±IBMå
¬å¸ç å¶æåã
1975å¹´,ATARI--8800å¾®çµèé®ä¸ã
1977å¹´,æ¯è«éå°å
¬å¸å®£ç§°å
¨ç»åå¾®çµèPET--2001ç å¶æåã
1977å¹´,TRS--80å¾®çµèè¯çã
1977å¹´,è¹æ--IIåå¾®çµèè¯çã
1978å¹´,è¶
大è§æ¨¡éæçµè·¯å¼å§åºç¨ã
1978å¹´,ç£æ³¡åå¨å¨ç¬¬äºæ¬¡ç¨äºåç¨è®¡ç®æºã
1979å¹´,å¤æ®å
¬å¸å®£å¸å¶æ第ä¸å°ææå¼å¾®çµèã
1982å¹´,å¾®çµèå¼å§æ®åï¼å¤§éè¿å
¥å¦æ ¡å家åºã
1984å¹´,æ¥æ¬è®¡ç®æºäº§ä¸çæç å¶"第äºä»£è®¡ç®æº"---å
·æ人工æºè½ç计ç®æº
温馨提示:答案为网友推荐,仅供参考