问三个高中英语语法问题

Question

1.they spent a couple of days and nights on the farm of ______would be considered a poor family.
该横线填 what 能否解释为什么呢?这个句子中what的用法是怎样的
2. exactly when the first people arrived in ___ we know as california, nobody really knows
答案也是 WHAT
3.when you were in this very river ___you almost died in, you felt frightened
答案是WHERE 为什么不能是WHICH呢>应该怎么区分?

谢谢

Answer 1

1.they spent a couple of days and nights on the farm of ______would be considered a poor family. 该横线填 what 能否解释为什么呢?这个句子中what的用法是怎样的？
答：这一句话摘自：
One day a rich man took his son on a trip to the country. He wanted to show his son how the poor lived so he could be thankful__16__his wealth.They spent a couple of days and nights on the farm of__17__would be considered a very poor family. On their return the father asked his son__18__(explain) what he had learnt. The boy, who had remained silent and deep in thought on the journey home，__19__(reply)in a way that shocked his father. The boy said he wanted to become a farmer. He envied the farmers who had the beautiful night stars to give them light__20__his family had only expensive lanterns. His wish was to have a farm__21__he could go swimming in an endless river instead of the garden pool in their home. Finally he asked his father, “What makes us safer，large walls around our house__22__friends that will protect us？” The boy finished by saying，“__23__the trip I thought we were rich but today I learnt who is__24__(true) rich.” With this the boy got up and walked away, leaving his father sitting on their comfortable sofa, totally__25__(speech)．
[答案] 16. for 17. what 18. to explain 19. replied 20. while/because/as 21. where/so 22. or 23. Before 24. truly 25. speechless
这一句话为什么不直接说：They spent a couple of days and night on the farm of a very poor family. 呢？因为，这里不能这么说！What would be considered ..., 是被动语态，what= 名词+that -定语从句。，类似于：The young man entered the cinema and went out after 【what seemed 】half an hour. 一样，有”似乎是“，这里是”所谓的，会被一般人认为是。。。的意思。
译：他们在一家（一般会）被人认为是一家很穷的人家的农场里住了几天。（结果看到了吧？儿子并不感觉他们是很穷的，相反认为自己家不如人家！）
What引导的是一个名词性从句。相当于一个名词+that引起的定语从句，当说话者不知道用什么名词表达好时，常用这个what

2. Exactly when the first people arrived in ___ we know as california, nobody really knows
答案也是 WHAT
答：注意what 这个名词性从句的一般现在时态及宾语从句（提前了）中的一般过去时态的不同。
本题句中的when-从句是宾语从句，作knows的宾语，不提前，是：Nobody really knows exactly when the first people arrived in what we know as California.
译：没有人真正知道最早的那批人到达那个我们现在称之为加利福尼亚的地方的确切时间。
析:WHAT =the place that ...
当第一批人到达的那个地方时（我们不知道当时叫什么地名），那批人叫它什么，我们也不清楚，所以用了这个what.

3.When you were in this very river ___you almost died in, you felt frightened
答案是WHERE 为什么不能是WHICH呢>应该怎么区分?
怀疑该题是改编过的题，不仅是答案有误，题句本身也没有改好，为什么说You而不是说自己的亲身感受呢？搜索网络找不到此题也找不到类似的题句。
请楼主烦心将题目再认真的打全上传上来看一下，最好能告诉出处。先给你一个that吧。

Answer 2

1.句意：在那个被认为是穷人家的农场里花了几天几夜的时间。
首先要判断这是个什么从句。of是介词，后面本来应该加上一个宾语，what 引导了名词性从句。这里面what和后面的部分作为一个从句充当of的宾语。
what引导的从句有两个要求。第一，what引导的句子要在主句中充当名词性成分。第二，what在它所引导的从句中也要充当名词性成分。比如这道题，what是从句中的主语，what引导的整个句子在主句中充当宾语。
2.句意：准确地说，当第一个人到达我们所知道的叫做加利福尼亚的地方时，没有谁真正知道。
这个道理和第一题一样。
更多的更具体的用法可以看这里。
http://wenku.baidu.com/view/37658a24dd36a32d737581e5.html
3. 这个我不知道，感觉不应该用where。

Answer 3

前两个都是名词性从句，第一个是在宾语从句中充当主语，第二个是在宾语从句中做宾语，指物所以用了what。
第三个感觉应该用that，而不是where。这是个定语从句，先行词是river，在定语从句中做宾语，但因为river前有very修饰，只能用that，不能用which