倒装(全部倒装和部分倒装)
1.全部倒装(Full Inversion), 又称主谓倒装
(Subject-verb Inversion)。
例如: Here are some letters for you.
Down poured the rain.
Into the coach scrambled the children. 2.部分倒装(Partial Inversion), 又称主语与助动词/晴态
动词倒装(Subject-operator Inversion)。
例如：Never have I heard such nonsense.
Only today did I learn the dreadful news.
全部倒装句的具体用法
1.用于由here, there, now, then 等副词引导的句子，通常称作把时间状语或地点状语提前的倒装句，其谓语动词通常跟在时间状语或地点状语之后。
例如： Then came a new development that had a far- reaching effects.
Once upon a time, there lived a man known by the name of Joe Beef.
Now comes your turn.2.在带有助动词“ be ”的句子中，动词-ing和-ed形式可移至句首，主语移至“ be ”后面，形成全部倒装。 例如：Running across it is a stream. Buried in the sands was an ancient village. Pictured here is a wooden tub used for gathering water chestnuts.3.为了使描写的景象更生动,常把拟声词或away, in, out, up 等状语放在句首,从而引起主谓全部倒装。 例如：Down it fell from the apple tree. The door opened. In rushed the crowd. 当句子的主语较长而谓语较短时，常将状语放在句首，主谓全部倒装使句子结构平衡，避免头重脚轻。 例如：Faint grow the sound of the bell. At the end of the kaleidoscope are two plates, one made of the glass and the other of ground glass.5.用于表示祝愿的句型。例如：May you live a long and happy life ! Long live the People’s Republic of China !部分倒装句的具体用法1.句首是否定词或带有否定意义的词语时，常用部分倒装。l例如：Not a single book he read that month. Under no circumstances shall we cancel the party. 常用于这一结构的词或短语有：at no / other time, by no means, under no circumstances, hardly, scarcely, seldom, in no way, in vain, little, never, rarely, few,no sooner…than, hardly…when, nowhere, not until, not only…but also, not a single word, not frequently2. 句首是 only 引导的状语时, 需要部分倒装。例如：Only in this way can we solve the problem. 常用短语还有：only by chance, only then, only with difficulty, only on a rare occasion 等等。3. so…that 结构中的 so 置于句首时，需要部分倒装。例如：So absurd did he look that everyone stared at him. 句首是 many a time, to such a degree / extent, to such a extremes, to such a lengths, to such a point, with every justification, with good reason 等状语时，句子需要部分倒装。 例如：To such a degree was he excited that he couldn’t go to sleep that night.4.用于以 neither, nor 开始的省略句，表示 “也不” ；用于以 so 开始的省略句，表示 “也如此” 。例如：I don’t care for sweet. Neither do I. I’m not very fond of carrots. Nor am I. I enjoyed the play and so did my sisters.5.在虚拟语气中，条件从句的 if 省略时，had, were, should, could 需与主语倒装。例如：Were I you , I wouldn’t ask such a silly question. Had I been there, I should have known what had happened.6.在比较和方式状语从句中，如果主语不是人称代词，常在主语前加助动词 do / did 代替前面已出现过的动词。例如：I spend more than do my friends. She traveled a great deal as did most of her friends. 倒装句的特殊用法1.在全部倒装句中，主语是人称代词时，不能将谓语动词前移。例如：Away they go. Here it is.2.在以开始的省略句中，表示对别人所说的情况加以肯定时，不必用倒装句倒装句。例如：It’s cold today. So it is. You have a color TV set. So I have.
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