第1个回答 2010-01-01
从古至今，人们对狼就似乎有一种与生俱来的憎恶情绪。古希腊寓言家拉封丹写过许多关于狼的寓言，他笔下的狼，不是凶狠就是狡诈。明朝以描写鬼怪著称的蒲松龄，在其名著《聊斋志异》中也有《狼》三则，通过描写农夫如何机智勇敢来反衬狼的凶狠、狡诈和贪婪，把狼刻画得跟凶神恶刹一般。翻开成语词典，“狼狈为奸”、“狼子野心”、“鬼哭狼嚎”、“狼心狗肺”，带“狼”字的贬义词比比皆是。民间关于狼的谚语，如“白眼狼”、“舍不得孩子套不住狼”、“可怜狼的人要被狼吃掉”、“狼的牙齿会掉，本性却难改”……不用说褒义的，就连中性的都找不到。狼无形中成了人们心目中凶残、狡诈、贪婪的代表，人们对狼充满了惧怕和憎恶。
难道狼天生就是人类的敌人？根据生物学，狼(Canis lupus;wolf)属食肉目犬科犬属，吻略尖长，口稍宽阔，嗅觉敏锐，听觉良好，常采用穷追方式获得猎物，杂食性，主要以鹿类、羚羊、兔等中小型动物为食，集结成群时也猎杀大型动物。就像所有动物一样，狼也需要通过食物获取能量，维持生存，在饥饿难耐时，也时有危及牲畜甚至人类生命的事情发生，但这正体现了弱肉强食的自然法则。在人类历史上的饥荒年代，人吃人的事情都曾发生过，而人们始终却没改变对狼的憎恶。小时候，常听长辈们讲“农夫与狼”、“狼和山羊”、“小红帽”等狼的故事，结局总是“狼吃掉羊”或“杀死狼”，也许人们对狼的憎恨，正是在这种朦胧的意识下建立起来的。我们从小接受的就是“好孩子”式的教育，要像羔羊一样温顺，像黄牛一样憨厚，像狡兔一样谨慎，像小鸟一样依人，却从没人鼓励我们要像狼一样顽强和自立，像狼一样具有鲜明的个性和坚强的生命力。
现代人类大都喜爱豢养宠物，据说狗是人类宠物中比例最高的。人们每天都去遛狗，按时给狗喂养事物，有些人甚至与自己的宠物狗同桌进食，同床睡觉，又搂又抱，倍加溺爱。殊不知，狗的祖先正是狼，狼是经过人类长期驯化才演变成了今天的狗。汉字中的“狼”字，其构成就是左边一个“犬”，右边一个“良”，顾名思义，狼是良犬呀。
狼有许多鲜明的个性，它们机智敏感而有献身精神，毕淑敏在《母狼的智慧》中描写的那只母狼，为保护它的幼崽，先是用爬坡延缓“敌人”速度，赢取隐藏儿女的时间，又从容地用尾巴抹平痕迹，最后全力向相反的方向奔跑，以自己的死换得孩子的生。狼顽强勇猛而且非常团结，当狼群不得不面对强敌时，一定会群起进攻，决不轻易退缩，遇到同伴受伤，狼也决不会各自逃走。狼总是把猎物包围起来或着逼到角落后光明正大地发起进攻，不像毒蛇偷偷摸摸地猛咬一口而后逃之夭夭，更不像吸血蚊虫趁人不备地不停烦扰。狼也并非如人所言的“狼心狗肺”，没有忠诚。
人类是地球上最智慧的群体，狼也是地球上的一个物种，人与狼是共处共生的，应该是朋友。科学家泰肯和古生物学家帕多就认为，人类祖先与狗的祖先是狼，早在远古时期就建立了密切关系，这种关系至少可以追溯到10万至13万年以前。人类的祖先与古代狼群在世代共生中结成了密切的合作关系，狼群能帮助人类更加容易地进行大型的狩猎活动。在世界许多地方的考古挖掘中，都发现古代人类遗骸与狼的遗骸埋葬在一起，恰恰能证明人与狼共生的关系。意大利首都罗马的城徽至今仍保留着狼的图案，千百年来一直被人们广为传颂着关于罗马城起源的“母狼育婴”的故事。
动物是人类的朋友，它们与人类一同构成整个地球的生态系统，人类不应随意侵犯它们的领地，剥夺它们的生存权力。传说在100多年前，森林一片葱绿，生机勃勃，共同生活着鹿群和狼群。然而当地居民恨透了狼，他们组成狩猎队专门到森林里捕杀狼，狼几乎被赶尽杀绝。没有了天敌的鹿群开始大量繁殖，很快就超过了10万只。大片绿色植被都让鹿啃光了，森林中闹起了饥荒，仅仅两个冬天，森林里就只剩下8000只病鹿在游荡。究其原因，狼也是生物链中的一环，它们吃掉一些鹿，控制鹿群的数量，使森林植被不会严重破坏；另一方面，狼往往吃掉的是那些逃生能力差的病鹿，这样也可以控制疾病在鹿群中的传播。在大自然中有些鸟类，因自身非常弱小无法独立猎食，只有依靠狼猎食后的残渣来生活。所以说人类不能随意灭杀动物种群，这会破坏整个生态系统，最终受惩罚、受伤害的将是人类自己。
共享一个地球，人类和包括狼在内的动物应当和谐共处，切莫再为自己的狭隘利益伤害那些正逐渐灭绝的动物了。
Historically, the Wolf just seems to have a natural detest mood. Greek fable about the house LaFengDan wrote many wolves, he's the fable is fierce Wolf, is cunning. In the Ming dynasty, famous novels described ghosts in the classic "masterpiece" is the Wolf, through three brave to describe how the farmer wit Wolf fierce, include the greedy and cunning, to depict the Wolf demon evil brake. Open idiom dictionary, "run rampant" and "Wolf child ambition", "GuiKuLangHao", "LangXinGouFei", with "Wolf" word in a negative way. Folk proverbs about the Wolf, such as "baiwenhang", "to children cannot set", and "poor Wolf Wolf people were eating the Wolf", "the Wolf's teeth will fall, but cannot alter nature"... Needless to say BaoYi, even the neutral can find. The Wolf virtually became people's brutal, cunning, greed, fear of Wolf filled with abominations.
Don't Wolf was born the enemy of mankind? According to the biology, the Wolf (Canis Wolf) belong to predators showed; canine dog eye, kiss slightly long, wide mouth, a keen, hearing, smell good chased way often adopted prey, bears are mainly deer, antelope, rabbit and so on small animals for food, was too large animals hunt groups. Like all animals, the Wolf also need to get energy from food, survive, in hunger, and it is hard to threaten livestock and even human life, but this is happening reflects the natural law of the jungle. In the famine in human history, people eat people things have happened, and people always did not change to the wolves. When I was a child, often listen to the elders and Wolf "speaks" farmer, wolves and goat "and" little red riding hood "Wolf's story, ending is always" Wolf eats sheep "or" kill the Wolf, "maybe people to the wolves in the hatred, hazy consciousness is founded. We accept the childhood is "good boy" type of education, like a lamb; like as honest, gentle, jiao rabbit as careful as in people, like a bird, but never one to encourage us to the stubborn and self-reliance, like wolves distinct personality and strong vitality.
Most modern human love, it is surrounded by pet dog in the highest proportion of human pets. People every day, and give the dog dog, some people even fed with his pet dog food with the bed, table, and fell, and more indulgence. However, the dog, the Wolf is just the Wolf ancestors domesticated by humans evolved to long-term today's dog. The "Wolf" character, it is a "dog" left hand, a "good", just as its name implies, the Wolf is good dogs.
Wolves have many distinct personality, they are sensitive and wit, BiShuMin devotion in the female Wolf in the wisdom of the female Wolf, to protect its cubs, at first with climbing delay "enemy" speed, win the time children hidden with tail calmly, finally to run in the opposite direction, with his death in children born. The Wolf stubborn and very brave to face the wolves, when united Nemesis, will start attacking, not easy shrink, meet, the Wolf companions never hurt their escape. The Wolf is always surrounded by a prey to the corner or after the attack, light is not like snakes surreptitiously fierce bite and fled, and more like blood, while people unprepared to keep mosquitoes. The Wolf also not as people said "no", LangXinGouFei loyalty.
Humans are the most wisdom group, the Wolf is a species on earth, and the Wolf is coexistence of symbiosis, should be friends. Scientists Thai Ken and PaDuo paleontologists thought, human ancestors and dog's ancestry is Wolf, early in the ancient times was established a close relationship that at least 10 million - can be traced back to 13 years ago. The ancestors of human beings and the ancient wolves in the generation of symbiosis formed close relations of cooperation, wolves can help mankind to more easily with a large hunting. In many parts of the world, are found in the archaeological excavation of ancient human remains with the Wolf remains are buried in the together, just can references and Wolf symbiotic relationship. The Italian capital Rome ChengHui still retains the Wolf's design, for thousands of years, has been widely praised about the origin of the city "female Wolf infant-raising" story.
Animals are friends of human beings, they constitute the whole earth along with the human ecological system, shall not be infringed human at their territory, deprived of their survival power. Legend in 100 years ago, forest green, a common life vitality, the deer and wolves. But local residents had made their Wolf, specially to the woods hunting, killing the Wolf was almost no Wolf. Without the natural beauty of breeding, soon start over 10 million. Large green vegetation make deer, chew forest packed a famine, only two winter, forest is only 8,000 sick deer. Investigate its reason, the Wolf is one part of the weather, they ate some of the deer, number of deer, control of forest vegetation not serious damage, On the other hand, the Wolf ate is often those poor ability to escape the deer, this disease can also control the spread of diseases in the herd. Some birds in nature, by its very weak can only rely on independent hunt hunt, the residue after the Wolf to life. So that men can annihilate animal species, it would damage the ecological system, and finally punishment, hurt will be human oneself.
Sharing one earth, human and animal shall include the Wolf, harmonious coexistence, and never again for their narrow interests hurt those endangered animals gradually.