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¶ä»è¯æ³åè½çå¨è¯ï¼å«åéè°è¯å¨è¯ãéè°è¯å¨è¯æå¨è¯ä¸å®å¼ï¼the Infinitiveï¼ï¼å¨åè¯ï¼the Gerundï¼ï¼ç°å¨åè¯ï¼the Present Participleï¼ï¼è¿å»åè¯ï¼the Past Participleï¼ã
1ï¼éè°è¯å¨è¯ä¸è°è¯å¨è¯çç¸åç¹æï¼
ï¼1ï¼å¦ææ¯åç©å¨è¯é½å¯ä¸å®¾è¯è¿ç¨ï¼ä¾å¦ï¼
They built a garden.
They suggested building a garden.
ï¼2ï¼é½å¯ä»¥è¢«ç¶è¯ä¿®é¥°ï¼
The suit fits him very well.
The suit used to fit him very well.
ï¼3ï¼é½æ主å¨ä¸è¢«å¨, âä½âå¼ï¼ä¸è¬å¼ï¼è¿è¡å¼ï¼å®æå¼ï¼çååãä¾å¦ï¼
He was punished by his parents.ï¼è°è¯å¨è¯è¢«å¨è¯æï¼
He avoided being punished by his parents.ï¼å¨åè¯ç被å¨å¼ï¼
We have written the composition.ï¼è°è¯å¨è¯çå®ææ¶ï¼
Having written the composition, we handed it in.ï¼ç°å¨åè¯çå®æå¼ï¼
ï¼4ï¼é½å¯ä»¥æé»è¾ä¸»è¯
They started the work at once.ï¼è°è¯å¨è¯çé»è¾ä¸»è¯ï¼
The boss ordered them to start the work.ï¼å¨è¯ä¸å®å¼çé»è¾ä¸»è¯ï¼
We are League members.ï¼è°è¯å¨è¯ç主è¯ï¼
We being League member, the work was well done.
ï¼ç°å¨åè¯çé»è¾ä¸»è¯ï¼
2ãéè°è¯å¨è¯ä¸è°è¯å¨è¯çä¸åç¹æï¼
ï¼1ï¼éè°è¯å¨è¯å¯ä»¥æåè¯ä½ç¨ï¼å¦å¨è¯ä¸å®å¼åå¨åè¯ï¼ï¼å¨å¥ä¸å主è¯ã宾è¯ã表è¯ã
ï¼2ï¼éè°è¯å¨è¯å¯ä»¥æ形容è¯ä½ç¨ï¼å¦å¨è¯ä¸å®å¼ååè¯ï¼ï¼å¨å¥ä¸åå®è¯ã表è¯æ宾è¯è¡¥è¶³è¯ã
ï¼3ï¼éè°è¯å¨è¯å¯ä»¥æå¯è¯ä½ç¨ï¼å¦å¨è¯ä¸å®å¼ååè¯ï¼ï¼å¨å¥ä¸ä½ç¶è¯ã
ï¼äºï¼éè°è¯å¨è¯çå¥æ³åè½ï¼
äºãéè°è¯å¨è¯ç¨æ³ï¼
ï¼ä¸ï¼å¨è¯ä¸å®å¼ï¼ï¼toï¼+doï¼å
·æåè¯ã形容è¯ãå¯è¯çç¹å¾ã
1ï¼ä¸å®å¼çå½¢å¼ï¼ï¼ä»¥å¨è¯write为ä¾ï¼
å¦å®å¼ï¼not + (to) do
ï¼1ï¼ä¸è¬å¼ï¼ä¸å®å¼çä¸è¬å¼æ表示çå¨ä½ä¸è°è¯å¨è¯å¨ä½åæ¶åçæåçå¨è°è¯å¨è¯å¨ä½ä¹åï¼
ä¾å¦ï¼
I'm glad to meet you.
He seems to know a lot.
We plan to pay a visit.
He wants to be an artist.
The patient asked to be operated on at once.
The teacher ordered the work to be done.
ï¼2ï¼è¿è¡å¼ï¼ä¸å®å¼çè¿è¡å¼æ表示çå¨ä½ä¸è°è¯å¨è¯å¨ä½åæ¶åçï¼ä¾å¦ï¼
The boy pretended to be working hard.
He seems to be reading in his room.
ï¼3ï¼å®æå¼ï¼ä¸å®å¼çå®æå¼è¡¨ç¤ºçå¨ä½åçå¨è°è¯å¨è¯å¨ä½ä¹åï¼ä¾å¦ï¼
I regretted to have told a lie.
I happened to have seen the film.
He is pleased to have met his friend.
2ï¼ä¸å®å¼çå¥æ³åè½ï¼
ï¼1ï¼ä½ä¸»è¯ï¼
To finish the work in ten minutes is very hard.
To lose your heart means failure.
å¨è¯ä¸å®å¼çè¯ä½ä¸»è¯æ¶ï¼å¸¸ç¨itä½å½¢å¼ä¸»è¯ï¼ä¾å¦ä¸é¢ä¸¤å¥å¯ç¨å¦ä¸å½¢å¼ï¼
It is very hard to finish the work in ten minutes.
It means failure to lose your heart.
ï¼2ï¼ä½è¡¨è¯ï¼
Her job is to clean the hall.
He appears to have caught a cold.
ï¼3ï¼ä½å®¾è¯ï¼
常ä¸ä¸å®å¼å宾è¯è¿ç¨çå¨è¯æï¼want, hope, wish, offer, fail, plan, learn, pretend, refuse, manage, help, agree, promise, prefer, å¦æä¸å®å¼ï¼å®¾è¯ï¼åé¢æ宾è¯è¡¥è¶³è¯ï¼åç¨itä½å½¢å¼å®¾è¯ï¼çæ£ç宾è¯ï¼ä¸
å®å¼ï¼åç½®ï¼æ¾å¨å®¾è¯è¡¥è¶³è¯åé¢ï¼ä¾å¦ï¼
Marx found it important to study the situation in Russia.
å¨è¯ä¸å®å¼ä¹å¯å
å½ä»è¯å®¾è¯ï¼å¦ï¼
I have no choice but to stay here.
He did nothing last Sunday but repair his bike.
å¨è¯ä¸å®å¼åææ¶å¯ä¸çé®è¯è¿ç¨ï¼å¦ï¼
He gave us some advice on how to learn English.
ï¼4ï¼ä½å®¾è¯è¡¥è¶³è¯ï¼
å¨å¤å宾è¯ä¸ï¼å¨è¯ä¸å®å¼å¯å
å½å®¾è¯è¡¥è¶³è¯ï¼å¦ä¸å¨è¯å¸¸è·è¿ç§å¤å宾è¯ï¼want, wish, ask, tell, order, beg, permit, help, advise, persuade, allow, prepare, cause, force, call on, wait for, invite.
æ¤å¤ï¼ä»è¯ææ¶ä¹ä¸è¿ç§å¤å宾è¯è¿ç¨ï¼å¦ï¼
With a lot of work to do, he didn't go to the cinemaï¼
æäºå¨è¯å¦make, let, see, watch, hear, feel, haveçä¸ä¸å¸¦ætoçä¸å®å¼è¿ç¨ï¼ä½æ¹ä¸ºè¢«å¨è¯ææ¶ï¼ä¸å®å¼è¦å to, å¦ï¼
I saw him cross the road.
He was seen to cross the road.
ï¼5ï¼ä½å®è¯ï¼
å¨è¯ä¸å®å¼ä½å®è¯ï¼æ¾å¨æ修饰çåè¯æ代è¯åãä¸æ修饰åè¯æå¦ä¸å
³ç³»ï¼
â å¨å®¾å
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I have a meeting to attend.
注æï¼ä¸å®å¼ä¸ºä¸åç©å¨è¯æ¶ï¼æ修饰çåè¯å¦ææ¯å°ç¹ãå·¥å
·çï¼åºæå¿
è¦çä»è¯ï¼å¦ï¼
He found a good house to live in.
The child has nothing to worry about.
What did you open it with?
å¦æä¸å®å¼ä¿®é¥°time, place, wayï¼å¯ä»¥çç¥ä»è¯ï¼
He has no place to live.
This is the best way to work out this problem.
å¦æä¸å®å¼æ修饰åè¯æ¯ä¸å®å¼å¨ä½æ¿åè
ï¼ä¸å®å¼å¯ç¨ä¸»å¨å¼ä¹å¯ç¨è¢«å¨å¼ï¼
Have you got anything to send?
Have you got anything to be sent?
â¡è¯´ææ修饰åè¯çå
容ï¼
We have made a plan to finish the work.
â¢è¢«ä¿®é¥°åè¯æ¯ä¸å®å¼é»è¾ä¸»è¯ï¼
He is the first to get here.
ï¼6ï¼ä½ç¶è¯ï¼
â 表ç®çï¼
He worked day and night to get the money.
She sold her hair to buy the watch chain.
注æä¸å®å¼æ¾å¥é¦æ¶ï¼é»è¾ä¸»è¯ä¸å¥å主è¯è¦ä¸è´ï¼
wrongï¼To save money, every means has been tried.
rightï¼To save money, he has tried every means.
wrongï¼To learn English well, a dictionary is needed.
rightï¼To learn English well, he needs a dictionary.
â¡è¡¨ç»æï¼
He arrived late to find the train gone.
常ç¨onlyæ¾å¨ä¸å®å¼å表示强è°ï¼
I visited him only to find him out.
â¢è¡¨åå ï¼
They were very sad to hear the news.
â£è¡¨ç¨åº¦ï¼
It's too dark for us to see anything.
The question is simple for him to answer.
ï¼7ï¼ä½ç¬ç«æåï¼
To tell you the truth, I don't like the way he talked.
ï¼8ï¼ä¸å®å¼ççç¥ï¼ä¿çtoçç¥doå¨è¯ã
If you don't want to do it, you don't need to.
ï¼9ï¼ä¸å®å¼ç并åï¼ç¬¬äºä¸ªä¸å®å¼å¯çç¥toã
He wished to study medicine and become a doctor.
ï¼äºï¼å¨åè¯ï¼
å¨åè¯æ¢å
·æå¨è¯çä¸äºç¹å¾ï¼åå
·æåè¯çå¥æ³åè½ã
1ï¼å¨åè¯çå½¢å¼ï¼
å¦å®å¼ï¼not + å¨åè¯
ï¼1ï¼ä¸è¬å¼ï¼
Seeing is believing. ç¼è§ä¸ºå®ã
ï¼2ï¼è¢«å¨å¼ï¼
He came to the party without being invitedï¼ä»æªè¢«é请就æ¥å°äºæä¼ã
ï¼3ï¼å®æå¼ï¼
We remembered having seen the film. æ们记å¾çè¿è¿é¨çµå½±ã
ï¼4ï¼å®æ被å¨å¼ï¼
He forgot having been taken to Guangzhou when he was five years old.
ä»å¿è®°äºå²æ¶æ¾è¢«å¸¦å°å¹¿å·å»è¿ã
ï¼5ï¼å¦å®å¼ï¼not + å¨åè¯
I regret not following his advice. æåæ没å¬ä»çååã
ï¼6ï¼å¤åç»æï¼ç©ä¸»ä»£è¯ï¼æåè¯æææ ¼ï¼+ å¨åè¯
He suggested our trying it once again. ä»å»ºè®®æ们åè¯ä¸æ¬¡ã
His not knowing English troubled him a lot.
ä»ä¸æè±è¯ç»ä»å¸¦æ¥è®¸å¤éº»ç¦ã
2ï¼å¨åè¯çå¥æ³åè½ï¼
ï¼1ï¼ä½ä¸»è¯ï¼
Reading aloud is very helpful. æ读æ¯å¾æ好å¤çã
Collecting stamps is interesting. éé®å¾æ趣ã
å½å¨åè¯çè¯ä½ä¸»è¯æ¶å¸¸ç¨itä½å½¢å¼ä¸»è¯ã
It's no use quarrelling.äºåµæ¯æ²¡ç¨çã
ï¼2ï¼ä½è¡¨è¯ï¼
In the ant city, the queen's job is laying eggs.
å¨èèçå½ï¼èåçå·¥ä½æ¯äº§åµã
ï¼3ï¼ä½å®¾è¯ï¼
They haven't finished building the dam. ä»ä»¬è¿æ²¡æ建好大åã
We have to prevent the air from being polluted.
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é¡»é»æ¢ç©ºæ°è¢«æ±¡æã
注æå¨åè¯æ¢å¯ä½å¨è¯å®¾è¯ä¹å¯ä½ä»è¯å®¾è¯ï¼å¦ä¸é¢ä¸¤ä¸ªä¾å¥ãæ¤å¤ï¼å¨åè¯ä½å®¾è¯æ¶ï¼è¥è·æ宾è¯è¡¥è¶³è¯ï¼å常ç¨å½¢å¼å®¾è¯itï¼ä¾å¦ï¼
We found it no good making fun of others. æ们åç°åç¬ä»äººä¸å¥½ã
è¦è®°ä½å¦ä¸å¨è¯åçè¯åªè·å¨åè¯ä½å®¾è¯ï¼
enjoy, finish, suggest, avoidï¼é¿å
ï¼, excuse ,delay, imagine, keep, miss, consider, admitï¼æ¿è®¤ï¼ï¼denyï¼å¦è®¤ï¼, mind, permit, forbid, practise, riskï¼åé©ï¼, appreciateï¼ææ¿ï¼, be busy, be worth, feel like, can't stand, can't helpï¼æ
ä¸èªç¦å°ï¼, think of, dream of, be fond of, preventâ¦(from),keep â¦from, stopâ¦ï¼fromï¼,protectâ¦from, set about, be engaged in, spendâ¦(in), succeed in, be used to, look forward to, object to, pay attention to, insist on, feel like
ï¼4ï¼ä½å®è¯ï¼
He can't walk without a walking-stick. ä»æ²¡æææä¸è½èµ°è·¯ã
Is there a swimming pool in your school? ä½ ä»¬å¦æ ¡ææ¸¸æ³³æ± åï¼
ï¼5ï¼ä½åä½è¯ï¼
The cave, his hiding-place is secret. é£ä¸ªå±±æ´ï¼ä»è身çå°æ¹å¾ç§å¯ã
His habit, listening to the news on the radio remains unchangedï¼
ä»æ¶å¬æ¶é³æºæ°é»èç®çä¹ æ¯ä»æªæ¹åã
ï¼ä¸ï¼ç°å¨åè¯ï¼
ç°å¨åè¯æ¢å
·æå¨è¯çä¸äºç¹å¾ï¼åå
·æ形容è¯åå¯è¯çå¥æ³åè½ã
1ãç°å¨åè¯çå½¢å¼ï¼
å¦å®å¼ï¼not + ç°å¨åè¯
ï¼1ï¼ç°å¨åè¯ç主å¨è¯æï¼ç°å¨åè¯ä¸»å¨è¯æçä¸è¬å¼è¡¨ç¤ºä¸è°è¯å¨è¯æ表示çå¨ä½åæ¶åçï¼å®æ
å¼è¡¨ç¤ºçå¨ä½å¨è°è¯å¨è¯æ表示çå¨ä½ä¹ååçï¼å¸¸ä½ç¶è¯ãä¾å¦ï¼
They went to the park, singing and talking. ä»ä»¬è¾¹å±è¾¹è¯´åå
¬åèµ°å»ã
Having done his homework, he played basket-ball. åå®ä½ä¸ï¼ä»å¼å§æ篮çã
ï¼2ï¼ç°å¨åè¯ç被å¨è¯æï¼ä¸è¬å¼è¡¨ç¤ºä¸è°è¯å¨è¯åæ¶åçç被å¨çå¨ä½ï¼å®æå¼è¡¨ç¤ºåçå¨è°è¯å¨
è¯ä¹åç被å¨çå¨ä½ã
The problem being discussed is very important. æ£å¨è¢«è®¨è®ºçé®é¢å¾éè¦ã
Having been told many times, the naughty boy made the same mistake.
被åè¯äºå¥½å éï¼è¿ä¸ªæ·æ°çå©ååç¯äºåä¸ä¸ªé误ã
2ï¼ç°å¨åè¯çå¥æ³åè½ï¼
ï¼1ï¼ä½å®è¯ï¼ç°å¨åè¯ä½å®è¯ï¼å½åè¯åç¬åå®è¯æ¶ï¼æ¾å¨æ修饰çåè¯åï¼å¦ææ¯åè¯çè¯åå®è¯
æ¾å¨åè¯åã
In the following years he worked even harder.
å¨åæ¥çå å¹´ä¸ï¼ä»å¦ä¹ æ´åªåäºã
The man speaking to the teacher is our monitor's father.
æ£ä¸èå¸è°è¯çé£ä¸ªäººæ¯æ们çé¿çç¶äº²ã
ç°å¨åè¯ä½å®è¯ç¸å½äºä¸ä¸ªå®è¯ä»å¥çå¥æ³åè½ï¼å¦ï¼in the following yearsä¹å¯ç¨in the years that followed; the man speaking to the teacherå¯æ¹ä¸ºthe man who is speaking to the teacher.
ï¼2ï¼ç°å¨åè¯ä½è¡¨è¯ï¼
The film being shown in the cinema is exciting. æ£å¨è¿å®¶ä¸æ¼ççµå½±å¾æ£ã
The present situation is inspiring. å½åçå½¢å¿é¼è人å¿ã
be + doingæ¢å¯è½è¡¨ç¤ºç°å¨è¿è¡æ¶ï¼ä¹å¯è½æ¯ç°å¨åè¯å表è¯ï¼å®ä»¬çåºå«å¨äºbe + doing表示è¿è¡çå¨ä½æ¯è¿è¡æ¶ï¼è表示ç¹å¾æ¶æ¯ç³»å¨è¯beä¸ç°å¨åè¯ææ系表ç»æã
ï¼3ï¼ä½å®¾è¯è¡¥è¶³è¯ï¼
å¦ä¸å¨è¯åå¯è·ç°å¨åè¯ä½å®¾è¯è¡¥è¶³è¯ï¼
see, watch, hear, feel, find, get, keep, notice, observe, listen to, look at, leave, catchçãä¾å¦ï¼
Can you hear her singing the song in the next room? ä½ è½å¬è§å¥¹å¨éå£å±æåï¼
He kept the car waiting at the gate. ä»è®©å°æ±½è½¦å¨é¨å£ççã
ï¼4ï¼ç°å¨åè¯ä½ç¶è¯ï¼
â ä½æ¶é´ç¶è¯ï¼
(While) Working in the factory, he was an advanced worker.
å¨å·¥åå·¥ä½æ¶ï¼ä»æ¯ä¸åå
è¿å·¥äººã
â¡ä½åå ç¶è¯ï¼
Being a League member, he is always helping others. ç±äºæ¯å
±éå¢åï¼ä»ç»å¸¸å¸®å©ä»äººã
â¢ä½æ¹å¼ç¶è¯ï¼è¡¨ç¤ºä¼´éï¼
He stayed at home, cleaning and washing. ä»åå¨å®¶éï¼åæ¦åæ´ã
â£ä½æ¡ä»¶ç¶è¯ï¼
(If) Playing all day, you will waste your valuable time.
è¦æ¯æ´å¤©ç©ï¼ä½ å°±ä¼æµªè´¹å®è´µçæ¶é´ã
â¤ä½ç»æç¶è¯ï¼
He dropped the glass, breaking it into pieces. ä»ææ¯åæäºï¼ç»ææå¾ç²ç¢ã
â¥ä½ç®çç¶è¯ï¼
He went swimming the other day. å 天åä»å»æ¸¸æ³³äºã
â¦ä½è®©æ¥ç¶è¯ï¼
Though raining heavily, it cleared up very soon.
è½ç¶é¨ä¸å¾å¾å¤§ï¼ä½ä¸ä¹
天就æ´äºã
â§ä¸é»è¾ä¸»è¯ææç¬ç«ä¸»æ ¼ï¼
I waiting for the bus, a bird fell on my heardï¼
æç汽车æ¶ï¼ä¸åªé¸è½å°æ头ä¸ã
All the tickets having been sold out, they went away disappointedly.
ææç票已ç»åå
äºï¼ä»ä»¬å¤±æå°ç¦»å¼äºã
Time permitting, we'll do another two exercises.
å¦ææ¶é´å
许ï¼æ们å°åå¦ä¸¤ä¸ªç»ä¹ ã
ææ¶ä¹å¯ç¨with (without) +åè¯ï¼ä»£è¯å®¾æ ¼ï¼+åè¯å½¢å¼
With the lights burning, he fell asleep. ä»ç¹çç¯ç¡çäºã
â¨ä½ç¬ç«æåï¼
udging from(by) his appearance, he must be an actor.
ä»å¤è¡¨çï¼ä»ä¸å®æ¯ä¸ªæ¼åã
Generally speaking, girls are more careful. ä¸è¬è¯´æ¥ï¼å¥³å©åæ´ç»å¿ã
ï¼åï¼è¿å»åè¯ï¼
è¿å»åè¯åªæä¸ç§å½¢å¼ï¼è§åå¨è¯ç±å¨è¯åå½¢å è¯å°¾-edææãä¸è§åå¨è¯çè¿å»åè¯æ²¡æç»ä¸çè§åè¦æ±ï¼è¦ä¸ä¸è®°ä½ã
è¿å»åè¯çå¥æ³åè½ï¼
1ï¼è¿å»åè¯ä½å®è¯ï¼
Our class went on an organized trip last Monday. ä¸å¨ä¸æ们çå¼å±äºä¸æ¬¡æç»ç»çæ
è¡ã
Those elected as committee members will attend the meeting. å½é为å§åç人å°åºå¸è¿æ¬¡ä¼ã
注æå½è¿å»åè¯æ¯åè¯æ¶ï¼ä¸è¬ç¨äºåè¯åï¼å¦ææ¯è¿å»åè¯çè¯ï¼å°±æ¾å¨åè¯çåé¢ãè¿å»åè¯åå®è¯ç¸å½äºä¸ä¸ªè¢«å¨è¯æçå®è¯ä»å¥ã
2ï¼è¿å»åè¯ä½è¡¨è¯ï¼
The window is broken. çªæ·ç ´äºã
They were frightened at the sad sight. ä»ä»¬å¯¹ç¼åæ²æ¨çæ¯è±¡æå°å¾å®³æã
注æï¼be + è¿å»åè¯ï¼å¦æ表示ç¶ææ¯ç³»è¡¨ç»æï¼å¦æ表示被å¨çå¨ä½æ¯è¢«å¨è¯æãåºå«ï¼
The window is broken.ï¼ç³»è¡¨ï¼
The window was broken by the boy.ï¼è¢«å¨ï¼
æäºè¿å»åè¯æ¯ä¸åç©å¨è¯ææçï¼ä¸è¡¨ç¤ºè¢«å¨ï¼åªè¡¨ç¤ºå®æãå¦ï¼
boiled waterï¼å¼æ°´ï¼ fallen leavesï¼è½å¶ï¼
newly arrived goodsï¼æ°å°çè´§ï¼ the risen sunï¼åèµ·ç太é³ï¼
the changed worldï¼åäºçä¸çï¼
è¿ç±»è¿å»åè¯æï¼gone, come, fallen, risen, changed, arrived, returned, passedçã
3ï¼è¿å»åè¯ä½å®¾è¯è¡¥è¶³è¯ï¼
I heard the song sung several times last week.
ä¸å¨æå¬è§è¿é¦æ被å±äºå¥½å 次ã
ææ¶è¿å»åè¯åwithçè¯ä¸ç宾è¯è¡¥è¶³è¯ï¼
With the work done, they went out to play. å·¥ä½åå®äºï¼ä»ä»¬åºå»ç©å»äºã
4ï¼è¿å»åè¯ä½ç¶è¯ï¼
Praised by the neighbours, he became the pride of his parents.
åå°é»å±
们ç表æ¬ï¼ä»æ为ç¶æ¯çéªå²ãï¼è¡¨ç¤ºåå ï¼
Once seen, it can never be forgotten.
ä¸æ¦å®è¢«çè§ï¼äººä»¬å°±å¿ä¸äºãï¼è¡¨ç¤ºæ¶é´ï¼
Given more time, I'll be able to do it better.
å¦æç»äºæ´å¤çæ¶é´ï¼æè½åå¾æ´å¥½ãï¼è¡¨ç¤ºæ¡ä»¶ï¼
Though told of the danger, he still risked his life
è¿å°±æ¯æä¹åçææ¡ææ¡£ï¼å¸æä½ è½å欢ï¼
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