两道英语题 需要解释

Question

1. Tom looke at Jenny, tears ___his eyes, and shouted out the words hidden in his heart for years.
a. filling b. filled 本来觉得应该是正确答案filling，但是被别人一问，不是be filled with 吗，就问住了，不知道怎么回答。
2.. As early as 1647 Ohio made a decision that free, tax-supported school must be set up in every town ___50 households or more.
a. having b. to have c. to have had d. having had 这题更是分析不出句子成分，所以不知道为什么选having。

谢谢大家

Answer 1

1.tears fill one's eyes 是眼含热泪的意思。所以tears和eyes之间是主动关系，本句的主干是 Tom looke at Jenny and shouted out the words hidden in his heart for years，tears filling his eyes是独立主格，作伴随状语。
2.此题的主语是Ohio，谓语是made，宾语是 a decision ， that free, tax-supported school must be set up in every town having 50 households or more是同位语从句。其中的having 50 households or more作后置定语，修饰town,意思是“有五十户及以上的城镇”。分词作定语，要看被修饰的名词和分词的主被动关系，“城镇”和“有”，是主动关系，所以用现在分词作定语。

VS天才翻译家

Answer 2

1 fill sth1 with sth2，==》sth1 be filled with sth2
或者sth2 fill sth1，==》sth1 be filled with sth2
所以是tears fill eyes是主动，非谓语用filling
不能死记词组，理解记忆

2 现在分词做后置定语修饰town，拥有大于等于50个家庭的城镇，因为是主动，所以用having
必须在拥有大于等于50个家庭的城镇建立free, tax-supported school

Answer 3

1. filling
这是一个及物动词，tear眼泪是fill这个动作的主语，eyes眼睛是fill这个动作的宾语，眼泪盈眶，tear filling his eyes正好是这样一个结构，干嘛还要用被动语态 filled with呢？The bottle is filled with water，是因为水注满瓶子，瓶子被水注满，所以才用filled表示被动的过去分词形式啊
意：Tom看着Jenny，眼泪盈眶，大声喊出了藏在他心中多年的话。

2. having
一样的道理，一个镇有50户及以上人家，主动形式，用现在分词表示
意：早在1647年，俄亥俄州就通过一个决定，公费学校必须建立在每个拥有50户及以上人家的镇上。（即每50户及以上的镇必须设立公费学校）

Answer 4

1 tears filling his eyes 该用法为独立主格结构，是非谓语动词做状语的一种，意思是伴随主语的一种状态。真正的主语为looked and shouted 这两个并列。该句翻译为： 汤姆看着杰尼，满眼泪水，吼出了藏在心里多年的话。
2 Ohio made a decision 为主句，
a decision that free, tax-supported school must be set up in every town ___50 households or more.为同位语从句，解释这个decision。
free, tax-supported school must be set up 为从句中的主谓结构
in every town ___50 households or more 整个做状语，
而having 50 households or more 则做定语修饰town
简单来说，就是动名词作后置定语修饰town