英语中有哪几种人称代词?分别有什么用法呢?

如题所述

人称代词的用法

1) 定义:人称代词是用来指代人、动物或事物的代词。它必须在人称(第一人称、第二人称、及第三人称)、数(单数、复数)以及性(阴性、阳性、中性)三方面与被指代的名词一致。

如:I am a student.     Tom is a boy, and he is a student.

Mary is very pretty, and she likes singing.

The boys are students, and they are in the room.

The dog is small. It is Tom's.

2) 人称代词的句法功能

A) 人称代词有主格和宾语之分:主格用作主语,宾格用作宾语。

B) 人称代词的主格形式在在句中作主语和表语。

如: I like music(主语).           She is a teacher.(主语)

She and I are good friends(主语).

Neither she nor I am student.

——I saw the boys this morning.

——Are you sure it was they(表语)?

It might have been she.

C) 人称代词的宾格在句子作动词的宾语,或者介词的宾语。

如:I saw him at the party(宾语).

I haven't seen them recently.(宾语)

I bought a book for them.(作介词宾语)

=I bought them a book.(间接宾语)

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第1个回答  2023-09-15
三种人称又各有单、复数形式,第三人称单数还有阳性、阴性、中性的区别。这样,人称代词就具有下列诸种形式:
第一人称
单数I,me,my,mine
复数we,us,our,ours
第二人称
单数you,you,your,yours
复数you,you,your,yours
第三人称
单数he,him,his,his(阳性)
she,her,her,hers(阴性)
it,it,its(中性)
复数they,them,their,theirs
在上列人称代词的不同形式中,还包含了主格(Subjective
Case)、宾格(Objective
Case)和属格(Genitive
Case)三种“格”的形式。这样,从“格”的形式来划分,英语的人称代词又可归纳为:
主格:I,you,he,she,it,we,you,they
宾格:me,you,him,her,it,us,you,them
属格:my,mine,your,yours,his,her,hers,its,our,ours,their,theirs
属格又可分为两类:一类是形容词性物主代词(my,your,his,her,its,our,their)即本书所讲的“物主限定词”;另一类是名词性物主代词(mine,yours,his,hers,ours,theirs),即本书中的“物主代词”。
1)人称代词的主格在句子中作主语或主语补语,例如:
John
waited
a
while
but
eventually
he
went
home.
约翰等了一会儿,最后他回家了。
John
hoped
the
passenger
would
be
Mary
and
indeed
it
was
she.
约翰希望那位乘客是玛丽,还真是她。
说明:在复合句中,如果主句和从句主语相同,代词主语要用在从句中,名词主语用在主句中,例如:
When
he
arrived,
John
went
straight
to
the
bank.
约翰一到就直接去银行了。
2)人称代词的宾格在句子中作宾语或介词宾语,但在口语中也能作主语补语,第一人称在省略句中,还可以作主语,例如:
I
saw
her
with
them,
at
least,
I
thought
it
was
her.
我看到她和他们在一起,至少我认为是她。(her做宾
语,them做介词宾语,her做主语补语)
b.
--
Me.
--我。(me做主语补语=
It's
me.)
说明:在上面两例句中,her和me分别作主语补语。本回答被网友采纳