“be + done”一种是被动语态,一种是系表结构(属于主动语态)。 在英语中,被动语态一般要用“be + done”来表示,但反过来说“be + done”却不一定表示被动语态,即“be + done”也可能是系表结构,表示主动语态。 试体会、比较: 1)The library is usually closed at 6. 图书室通常6点钟关门。(被动语态) The library is now closed.(图书室现在没开门。)(系表结构→主动语态) 2)We couldn’t find the way home. It was covered by snow. 我们找不到回家的路,路雪覆盖了。(被动语态) The hill was covered with snow. All was white. It looked more beautiful. 山披上了雪,一切都白了,它看起来更美了。(系表结构→主动语态) 3)Soon the house was surrounded by the enemy(敌人)。 不久,那座房子就被敌人包围了。(被动语态) The house is surrounded(包围)by trees. 房子周围都是树。(系表结构→主动语态) 4)She was lost in the forest. 他在那个森林中迷路了。(系表结构→主动语态) 5)He was surprised at the news. (系表结构→主动语态) 6)Liu Mei is gone. 刘梅走了(不见了)(系表结构→主动语态) 总结说明:判断“be + done”是被动语态还是系表结构(属于主动语态),关键在于要看句子所要表达的意义:被动语态是强调动作,句子的主语是动作的承受着,强调主语“被……”;系表结构强调状态,说明主语的状态情况。