初二上英语期末复习提纲

Question

人民教育出版社 封面是绿色的. 需要一下要求：该学期的各种句型 单词用法 特殊用法 语法之类的

Answer 1

一．形容词、副词的比较级和最高级
在表示比较的时候，会出现三种情况：同级比较，比较级和最高级。
同级比较的结构是：as...as...，意思是“……和……一样”。
　　例如：
　　He is as tall as his father.
　　他和他的父亲一样高。
　　He gets up as early as Tom every day.
　　他每天和汤姆起得一样早。

　　Special tips：
　　as...as... 的中间要用形容词或副词的原形。
　　这个句子结构的否定形式表达的意思是“……不如后者……”。
　　例如：
　　The pen is not as dear as that one.
　　这支钢笔没有那支贵。

比较级的结构是：...than...，意思是“……比……更”。
　　例如：
　　Today is colder than yesterday.
　　今天比昨天冷。
　　Cars run faster than bikes.
　　汽车比自行车跑得快。

　　Special tips：
　　(一) 在指代两者当中的某个特征更明显的对象时，可以用the来特定化。
　　　　 例如：
　　　　 He is the taller of the twins.
　　　　 他是双胞胎中比较高的那个。

　　(二) 某个形容词或副词的比较级形式可以通过and连接起来，表示“越来越……”。
　　　　 例如：
　　　　 It becomes older and older.
　　　　 它变得越来越老。
　　　　 He walks more and more quickly.
　　　　 他走得越来越快。

　　(三) the + 某一形容词或副词的比较级 + the + 某一形容词或副词的比较级，表示“越……，
　　　　 就越……”。
　　　　 例如：
　　　　 The more exercise you do，the healthier you will be.
　　　　 锻炼得越多，你就越健康。
　　　　 The warmer it gets，the more people you can see in the street.
　　　　 天越暖和，你就会在街上看到越多的人。

　　(四) 固定结构like...better than...表示的意思是指“与……（后者）相比较更喜欢……（前者）”。
　　　　 例如：
　　　　 I like ice water better than coke.
　　　　 与可乐相比我更喜欢冰水。

最高级表示在某个范围内（不少于三个对象）某个对象具有最突出的特征，它常和among，in，of连用。
　　例如：
　　He works the most carefully among his classmates.
　　在他的同学当中他干活最细心。
　　The red one is the best of all.
　　红色的是最好的。

二．一般过去时态
　　一般过去时态表示在过去某个时间发生的事情或动作，强调与现在的对比。我们需要把动词变成过去式。变成否定形式时，只需在动词前加一个didn’t，然后把动词变成原形就可以了。
　　例如：
　　He left 4 hours ago.
　　他在四个钟头前离开了。
　　He didn’t know how to say it in English.
　　他不知道它用英语怎么说。
　　Special tips:
　　我们需要特别留意不规则动词的过去式形式。

三．一般将来时态
　　一般将来时态表示的是将要发生或打算要做的事情。结构有二种：
1. 主语+be going to + 动词原形
例如：
　　He is going to travel to Xinjiang.
　　他要去新疆旅游。
　　Special tips:
　　going，leaving，coming的现在进行时态就可以表示将来。

　　例如：
　　They’re coming.
　　他们要来了。

2. 主语+will+动词原形
例如：
　　We’ll be here an hour later.
　　我们一个钟头后到。

四．反意疑问句
　　反意疑问句的规则是，“前否定后肯定，前肯定后否定”。我们要把握的是表示否定的词（如little，few，never，no one，nothing，nobody，hardly等）出现在前半句的时候，后面也要用肯定形式。
　　例如：
　　Few people know the story，do they?
　　He never saw the film before，did he?

五．感叹句
how引导的感叹句的完整结构是：
How + 形容词 / 副词 + 主语 + 谓语动词 + !
例如：
　　How carefully he drives！
　　他驾驶得多谨慎小心啊！
　　How exciting the news is!
　　这个消息多么激动人心啊！

what引导的感叹句的完整结构是：
What + a / an + 形容词 + 名词 + 主语 + 谓语动词 + !
例如：
　　What an exciting news it is！
　　多么激动人心的消息啊！
　　Special tips:
　　判断用how还是用what引导感叹句，要看完整的句子去掉后面的主谓短语后的情况。如果去掉主谓短语后结尾词是名词，就要用what引导这个感叹句。如果去掉主谓短语后结尾词是形容词或副词，就要用how引导重点语句新目标英语八年级上笔记
Review of Unit 1－6
I. language goals （语言目标）
1. Talk about how often you do things 谈论做事情的频率。
2. Talk about your health. Make suggestions.
谈论健康话题以及提出建议。
3. Talk about future plans.
谈论未来的计划/打算。
4. Talk about how to get to places.
谈论到达某地的方式。
5. Learn to make invitations, say yes to invitations and say no to invitations and give reasons.
学会发出，接受和拒绝邀请并说出原因。
6. Learn to talk about personal traits and how to compare people.
学会谈论个人品质以及如何比较人们。
II. Key Phrases （重点短语）：
1. how often 多长时间一次
2. junk food 垃圾食品
3. a lot of 许多
4. hardly ever 很少
5. start with 以…开始
6. try to do sth. 试着去做某事
7. look after 照料
8. be kind of unhealthy 有点不健康
9. once a day 一天一次
10. twice a month 一个月两次
11. be good for 对…有好处
12. once in a while 偶尔
13. see a doctor / dentist 看病/看牙医
14. get a cold / fever 感冒/发烧
15. have a stomachache 肚子疼
16. have a toothache 牙疼
17. have a sore throat 嗓子疼
18. lie down and rest 躺下休息
19. drink hot tea with honey 喝加蜂蜜的热茶
20. be stressed out 紧张
21. listen to … 听…
22. get tired 变的疲劳
23. keep healthy 保持健康
24. at the moment 此刻；目前
25. watch TV 看电视
26. play basketball 打篮球
27. babysit her sister 照看她的妹妹
28. visit my friend 拜访我的朋友
29. relax at home 在家放松
30. sports camp 运动野营
31. something interesting
32. go hiking / camping / fishing / shopping / sightseeing
去徒步旅行/野营/钓鱼/购物/观光
33. go away 离开
34. get back to school 返回学校
35. stay for a week 呆一个星期
36. go bike riding 骑自行车兜风
37. takes walks 散步
38. rent videos 租录像带
39. sleep a lot 睡得多
40. think about 考虑
41. take the subway / bus / boat / plane
乘地铁/公共车/小船/飞机
42. get to 到达
43. go by bus / plane / boat 乘公共车/飞机/小船
44. train / subway / bus station 火车/地铁/公共车站
45. bus ride 乘公共车的旅行
46. ride a bike 骑自行车
47. bus stop 公共汽车站
48. on foot 步行
49. leave for 离开去…
50. school bus 学校班车
51. the early bus 早班车
52. be different from 与…不同
53. half past six 六点半
54. in North America 在北美洲
55. a quick breakfast 快捷的早餐
56. need to do 需要做…
57. more than 多于
58. play soccer 踢足球
59. baseball game 棒球比赛
60. school team 校队
61. come over to 过来到…
62. the day after tomorrow 后天
63. be good at 擅长于…
64. two years ago 两年前
65. be outgoing 外向的
66. all the time 一直
67. in some ways 在一些方面
68. look the same 看起来一样
69. talk to everyone 与大家谈话
70. make me laugh 使我笑
III. Key Sentence Structures 重要句型：
Unit 1:
1. －What do you usually do on weekends?
－I usually go to the movies.
2. －What does he sometimes do on weekends?
－He sometimes surfs the Internet.
3. How often do you exercise?
I exercise once a week.
4. How often does she eat vegetables?
She eats vegetables three times a day.
5. Most of the students go to the beach every year.
6. It makes a big difference to my grades.
7. My eating habits are pretty good.
Unit 2:
1. What’s the matter?
What’s wrong?
What’s the trouble?
2. I’m not feeling well. I have a cold / fever/ stomachache / sore throat.
/I have a lot of headaches.
3. Maybe you should see the doctor / dentist.
You should drink some hot tea with honey.
4. You shouldn’t eat anything for 24 hours.
5. Don’t get stressed out. It will make you sick.
6. I’m sorry to hear that you are not feeling well.
Unit 3
1. －What is she doing for vacation?
－She is babysitting her little sister.
－That sounds nice / interesting.
2. －When are you going?
－I’m going on Monday.
3. －Where are they going?
－They are going to Tibet.
4. －Who is she going with?
－She is going with her parents.
5. －How long is he staying.
－He is staying for a week.
6. －How is the weather there?
－I’m hoping the weather will be nice.
7. He is leaving for Hong Kong the first week in June.
8. Have a good time.
Unit 4:
1. －How do you get to school?
－I get to school by bus.
2. －How does he go to work?
－He usually walks to school.
3. －How long does it take?
－It takes about twenty minutes.
4. －How far is it from his home to school?
－It’s three miles.
5. What do you think of the transportation in your town?
Unit 5:
1. －Can you come to my party on Wednesday?
－Sure, I’d love to. / I’m sorry, I have to have a piano lesson.
2. －Can she go to the movies on Saturday?
－No, she can’t. She has to help her mom.
3. －Can you go to the concert on Monday?
－When is it?
－It’s at four o’clock on Friday.
4. Thanks a lot for the invitation.
5. I’m going to study for a test this evening.
6. What’s the date today?
Unit 6
1. Pedro is funnier than Paul.
2. Tina is （a little）taller than Tara.
3. I am more athletic than my best friend.
4. My hair is longer than hers.
5. Liu Ying is not as good as her sister.
6. In some ways, we look the same.
7. For me, a good friend likes doing the same things as me.
8. I’m quieter than most of the kids in my class, and so is my friend.
9. Who do you think should get the job, Ruth or Rose?