举几个动词V-ing的独立主格在句中做状语的例句

Question

如题所述

Answer 1

1）独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子的主语不同，它独立存在。
2）名词或代词与后面的分词，形容词，副词，不定式，介词等是主谓关系。
3）独立主格结构一般有逗号与主句分开。
举例：
The
test
finished,
we
began
our
holiday.
=
When
the
test
was
finished,
we
began
our
holiday.
考试结束了，我们开始放假。
The
president
assassinated,
the
whole
country
was
in
deep
sorrow.
=
After
the
president
was
assassinated,
the
whole
country
was
in
deep
sorrow.
总统被谋杀了，举国上下沉浸在悲哀之中。
Weather
permitting,
we
are
going
to
visit
you
tomorrow.
如果天气允许，我们明天去看你。
This
done,
we
went
home.
工作完成后，我们才回家。
The
meeting
gone
over,
everyone
tired
to
go
home
earlier.
会议结束后，每个人都想早点回家。
He
came
into
the
room,
his
ears
red
with
cold.
他回到了房子里，耳朵冻坏了。
He
came
out
of
the
library,
a
large
book
under
his
arm.
他夹着本厚书，走出了图书馆
2.
With的复合结构作独立主格
表伴随时，既可用分词的独立结构，也可用with的复合结构。
with
+名词(代词)+现在分词/过去分词/形容词/副词/不定式/介词短语
举例:
He
stood
there,
his
hand
raised.
=
He
stood
there,
with
his
hand
raise.
典型例题
The
murder
was
brought
in,
with
his
hands
___
behind
his
back。
A.
being
tied
B.
having
tied
C.
to
be
tied
D.
tied
答案D.
with
+名词（代词）+分词+介词短语结构。当分词表示伴随状况时，其主语常常用with来引导。由于本句中名词"手"与分词"绑"是被动关系，因此用过去分词，选D.
注意:
1)
独立主格结构使用介词的问题：
当介词是in时，其前后的两个名词均不加任何成分（如物主代词或冠词），也不用复数。但
with
的复合结构不受此限制
A
robber
burst
into
the
room,
knife
in
hand.
(
hand前不能加his)。
2)
当表人体部位的词做逻辑主语时，及物动词用现在分
词，不及物动词用过去分词。
He
lay
there,
his
teeth
set,
his
hand
clenched,
his
eyes
looking
straight
up.
典型例题：
Weather___,
we'll
go
out
for
a
walk.
A
permitted
B
permitting
C
permits
D
for
permitting
答案B.
本题中没有连词，它不是复合句，也不是并列句。
句中使用了逗号，且we
小写，可知其不是两个简单句。能够这样使用的只有独立主格或with的复合结构。据此判断，本句中使用的是独立结构，
其结构为：名词+分词。
由于permit在这里翻译为'天气允许'，表主动，应用现在分词，故选B。
如果不会判断独立结构作状语的形式，不妨将句子改为条件句，例如本句改为If
weather
permits,
we'll
go
out
for
a
walk.
然后将if
去掉，再将谓语动词改为非谓语动词即可。