①mike worked his way up the list.the list前要加on吧？②

Question

we shouldn’t but things made of ivory.made前为什么不加are？原句是不是：we shouldn’t buy things that are made of ivory.然后省略了that和are？如若我理解错了那我还想问一点③常听说过去分词表被动，既然过去分词可表被动那为什么语法中还要有被动语态？

Answer 1

1. 此处up已经是介词。
2. 这里用非谓语动词的过去分词短语made of ivory做后置定语，用以代替冗长的定语从句所以不定语从句that are made of ivory，确实是省略了that are。
3. 过去分词确实表示被动含义，这里的made of ivory就是指: 被来自象牙的原料制作而成的。