a
little
不可数名次
用于肯定
表有些
有几分
a
few
可数名次复数
用于肯定
表有
few;
little:
few
单独使用时意思为否定，意为几乎没有。A
few在意义上是肯定的，
意为几个。Little
在单独用时也作否定用，意特为几乎没有。A
little
则为肯定含义，意为一点点。但是，few;
a
few修饰可数名词，little;
a
little修饰不可数名词。
few
/
a
few用来修饰可数名词，few表示否定意义，没有，几乎没有；
a
few表示有肯定意思，
有几个。
例如：
He
has
few
friends
here,
he
feels
lonely.
他这里没朋友，他感觉寂寞。
There
are
a
few
eggs
in
the
basket.篮子里有几个鸡蛋。
little
/
a
little用来修饰不可数名词，little表示否定意思，没有，几乎没有。
a
little
表示肯定意思，有一点儿。
例如：
There
is
little
ink
in
my
bottle,
can
you
give
me
a
little
ink?
我的瓶子里没有墨水了，你能给我点儿墨水吗？
[考考你]
1.
My
father
has
many
books,
but
he
has_____
English
books.
A.
little
B.
a
little
C.
few
D.
a
few
Answer
2.
The
twins
can
speak
only
___
French.
A.
a
few
B.
few
C.
little
D.
a
little
Answer
[辩析]
1.
few
与
little
作形容词用，都表示“几乎没有”，相当于一个否定词。具体区别：
(1)
few
后面跟复数可数名词。
e.g.
few
books
few
students
(2)
little
后面跟单数不可数名词。
e.g.
little
water
little
food
e.g.
He
has
few
friends.
他没有几个朋友。
They
has
little
money.
他们没有什麽钱
2.
a
few
与
a
little
都表示肯定的意思，指“有一点，有一些”。具体区别：
(1)
a
few
后加可数名词复数
（2）a
little
后加不可数名词单数。
e.g.
I'm
going
to
buy
a
few
bananas.
I
can
speak
only
a
little
Chinese.
3.
a
little
与
little
也可以用作副词，
表示“有点”“稍稍”
表示“很少”
e.g.
----Can
you
speak
English?
----Yes,
but
only
a
little.
This
book
is
a
little
more
difficult
than
that
one.
（
可修饰形容词比较级）
She
slept
little
last
night.
昨天晚上，她没有怎么睡觉。
few,
a
few,
little,
a
little
虽然都表示“少”，但
（1）few,
a
few是可数的,
little,
a
little是不可数的。
（2）a
few,
a
little含肯定意味，few,
little含否定意味。这里所谓的“肯定意味”和“否定意味”应该这样来理解：同样是半杯水，口渴者会认为：There
is
little
water
in
the
glass.
而不口渴的人则会认为：There
is
a
little
water
in
the
glass.
一：
1．few修饰可数名词复数。
2．few
(=
not
many;
hardly
any)含否定意义；a
few
(=
some;
several;
a
small
number
of)
含肯定意义。
3．
not
a
few
=
no
few
=
quite
a
few
=
a
good
few
=
many。
4．
当
few受
every,
last,
past,
next,
some,
very等词所修饰时，表示肯定意义，few之前不再有冠词。如：
In
the
last
few
minutes,
he
checked
up
his
paper
again.
It
took
us
some
few
days
to
repair
the
machine.
They
are
very
few
in
number.
There
were
too
few
of
them.
He
goes
to
see
his
grandma
every
few
weeks.
5．
在非正式文体中很少见，一般用或代替，如：
Only
a
few
people
attended
the
meeting.
另外，little
/
a
little
Little
remains
to
be
done
about
it.
(作主语)
A
little
remains
to
be
done.
Please
give
me
a
little.
(作宾语)
He
knows
a
little
of
everything.
There
is
very
/
but
little
time
left.
(作定语)
Don’t
worry;
you
still
have
a
little
time.
1．
little修饰不可数名词，表示“量”。
2．
little含否定意义(反义词：much)；a
little含肯定意义(反义词：none)。
3．
在非正式英语中，一般很少用little，常用not
much,
only
a
little来代替，如：
We
haven’t
got
much
money
/
time.
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