为什么状态动词不能用于进行时态

Question

如题所述

Answer 1

状态动词很复杂，因为表示的是一种状态而非进行的动作，所以大部分时候不用于进行时态，但并不是绝对。下面分情况讲述：

1. 某些状态动词例如attract, like, look, love, sound是可以用于进行时态的，强调一个临时的状态或特指现阶段的某个时期。

例如：Ella styas with us quite often. The children love having her here. Ella经常来，所以此处love指常态不需要用进行时。

          Ella's with us at the moment. The children are loving having her here. Ella现在跟我们在一起，她跟我们在一起的这段时间内，孩子们都很喜欢她的陪伴，love可以用进行时。

2. 某些状态动词很少用进行时，例如：believe, consist of, doubt, own。

3. 某些动词既可以作为状态动词，也可以作为行为动词。当这种动词作为状态动词时，通常用一般现在时而不用进行时。当它们作为行为动词的时候，根据语境既可以用一般现在时也可以用进行时。这些动词有: cost, expect, feel, fit, have, imagine, meaasure, think, weigh等，此处用appear举例：

    状态动词：The app doesn't appear to work on my phone. 此处appear是指app呈现出的一种状态。

     行为动词：Carley Robb is currently appearing in a musical on Broadway. 或者 She often appears in musicals.

4. 某些描述情感或心理的状态动词，用现在进行时可以强调我们最近才思考某问题或我们不确定某事情。这类状态动词有：find, realise, regret, think, understand等。用regret举例：

     I regret that the company will have to be sold. 指我已经做出决定并感到遗憾。

     I'm regretting my decision to give her the job. 指我越来越意识到做出了一个错误的决定，这里情绪在升级。

5. 情感状态动词consider意味仔细地考虑时，只能用现在进行时而不能用一般现在时。

    例: He's considering taking early retirement. 不能用He considers taking early retirement. 

6. 其它描述偏好或情感的状态动词极少用现在进行时，例如 agree, believe, conclude, know, prefer. 

    例：I believe you now. 不能用I'm believing you now. 

     

Answer 2

1 系动词表示状态，是状态动词，不用于进行体。
It is the Mid-autumn Festival today.
---Let’s go to the suburbs to enjoy the moon.
---It sounds a nice idea.
Cui Yongyuan looks good-humoured.
be动词也有用于进行体的时候，这里不再说了。
2 感觉动词表示状态，是状态动词，不用于进行体。
They saw the plane splashing on the top of the hill.
The medicine tastes a little bitter.
Don’t you hear me? I’m saying.
常见的还有：feel, keep, notice, smell, etc.
如果表示强调、短暂、一时的状态，也可以用于进行体：
The weather is keeping fine these days.
I didn’t expect he is being terribly friendly to me.
My back is hurting.
3 表示思想活动的动词也是状态动词，不用于进行体。
I know nothing about the market for the festival.
I wonder why they have made a decision to go on with the work during the festival.
What do you mean?
常见的还有：Admit, agree, appreciate, believe, care, consider, dislike, bisbelieve, doubt, expect, find (=consider), forget, guess, imagine, realize, regret, remember, see (understand), suppose, think etc.
如果表示说话人的情感，也会用于进行体：
---I am loving the Beijing Opera, aren’t you?
---No. Frankly, I am hating it.
4 动词表示愿望、需要时也是一种状态，不用于进行体。
I hope we can have 7 days off over the festival.
We all desire health and happiness.
What you said requires careful thought.
常见的还有：need, want, wish etc.
5 存在与所属也是一种状态，表示存在与所属的动词也被看作是状态动词，不用于进行体。
He owed his success to luck more than to capacity.
The two sides have reached a partial agreement, but several differences still exist between them.
常见的还有：belong to, compare, concern, consist of, depend on, equal, have, include, involve, keep, own, possess, result, stand for etc.
动词have表示所属，但更多的情形是构成短语表示动作，这时，它就可以用于进行体了：
He has a good memory. (have在此例中表示possess, owe拥有，是状态)
I had a shock when I saw the size of the bill. (have 在此例中表示obtain得到，是状态)
Have the goodness to answer when I ask you a question! (have 在此例表示show显示，是状态)
He is always having a cigarette with his coffee. (have 在此例中表示drink喝，是动作)
We’re having guesses for dinner. (have在此例中表示invite邀请，是动作)
She’s having a baby in September. (have 在此例中表示to give birth生育，是动作 )
They are having her birthday party in the next room. (have在此例中表示experience as a part of group参与，是动作)
The couple are having a good time there. (have 在此例中表示enjoy享受，是动作)
I’m having a bit of trouble with my computer. I have to stop now. (have 在此例中表示suffer遭受，是动作)本回答被提问者采纳