定语从句中什么时候用连词what?

如题所述

在先行词是事物的限定性定语从句中,
that和which一般可互换,
但在下列情况下不可以互换:
 
 1.
只能用that,不能用which作先行词的情况
  (1)先行词是不定代词或者先行词被不定代词所修饰时,
关系代词通常只用that,
不用which.例如:
  ①
that’s
all
that
i
know.
我知道的就这些。
  ②
is
there
anything
that
you
want
to
buy
in
town?
你有什么东西要在城里买吗?
  ③
nothing
that
the
teacher
does
doesn’t
influence
his
students.
老师所做的事情没有不影响到学生的。
  (2)先行词被序数词、
形容词最高级、
the
only,
the
very,
the
last等修饰时,
关系代词通常只用that,
不用which.例如:
  ①
the
first
english
novel
that
i
read
was
cities.
我读的第一本英文小说是《城市》。
  ②
this
is
one
of
the
most
exciting
football
games
that
i
have
ever
seen.
这是我见过的最激动人心的足球比赛之一。
  ③
this
is
the
only
thing
that
we
can
do
now.
这是我们现在惟一能做的事情。
  (3)先行词既有人又有物时,
关系代词只用that,
不用which.例如:
  ①
the
scientist
and
his
achievements
that
you
told
me
about
are
admired
by
us
all.
我们所有人都钦佩你告诉我的那位科学家和他所取得的成就。
  ②
the
foreign
visitors
spoke
highly
of
the
pioneers
and
their
performances
that
they
saw
at
the
children’s
palace.
外国游客高度赞扬了他们在少年宫所看到的少先队员以及他们的表演。
  (4)
关系代词在限定性定语从句中作表语并带有类比含义时,
通常只用that,
不用which.例如:
  ①
he
is
no
longer
the
star
that
he
was.
他不再是过去的那位明星了。
  ②
our
school
is
no
longer
the
school
that
it
used
to
be.
我们的学校不再是以前的那所学校了。
  (5)
句中其他位置已出现which,
为避免重复,
不用which而用that引导限定性定语从句。例如:
which
is
the
car
that
has
overtaken
us?
超过我们的是哪辆车?
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第1个回答  2009-01-19
定语从句的引导词首先不存在连词,只有两类,一类叫关系代词(which/that,who/whom,as,whose),另一类叫关系副词(where,when,why)。

所以what根本不能引导定语从句。不过某些what引导的名词性从句可以用定语从句替换,比如What he says is wrong.可以替换为The words that he says are wrong.本回答被提问者采纳
第2个回答  2009-01-19
定语从句中是不能用what做连接词的,
what大多用在宾语从句作疑问代词
或主语从句作连接词。
如果想指物的话都是用which或that,
他们都是作关系代词用的。
但如果是非限制性定语从句,
就一定要用which,而不能用that.
第3个回答  2009-01-19
定语从句中,what不用来做连词的,应该用which