距离新一轮全国大学生四六级英语考试还有两个月。新题型，新评分制，新大纲要求……进入“大战四六级”的助跑阶段，你为自己制订好复习计划了吗？要想胜券在握，还得踏准步伐，找对复习策略。为此，记者走访了同济大学外国语学院大学英语教研室主任倪惠民教授、上海新东方集团四六级考试主讲教师乐柯健、陈文笠，让专家来为考生支招。
[复习策略一]
将复习“升级”为日常爱好
许多同学到临近考试都患上了“倒计时焦虑症”，那就是越临近考试，越觉得没有复习的东西越多，或者复习过的东西遗忘得越多。其实，只要对复习增加一点兴趣，一切都能变得轻轻松松。
“许多学生习惯将一本厚厚的六级词汇手册放在枕头边，按天数算好，每天背一些单词。可是时间长了，发现自己之前背过的单词又忘记了。还有些同学虽然采取循环复习的方法，但背来背去只停留在前几页，等到考试前，还有一半来不及背。其实这和背单词的专注程度有很大的关系。”同济大学倪惠民教授认为，其实只要稍微改变一下复习方式，也能把背单词、练阅读、听力变得“有滋有味”。
“许多同学喜欢看侦探小说，如果把这个爱好和四六级复习相结合，就能在阅读和背单词上产生巨大的效果。”倪惠民说道，“喜欢看侦探小说的同学，可以买一些口袋原版书，把平时看中文小说的时间转化为看英语小说，就能达到节省复习的时间。”由于每个作者都有自己的用词偏好，书中常常会反复出现某些“生僻单词”或某个单词的“多项用法”，一词多用是复习四六级单词的一个重点，新单词大纲之所以取消了中文解释，让学生自己去搜集掌握大纲词汇的用法，也是传达出四六级考试的一个命题趋势，“有时学生往往会被一个生词难住，这时他肯定会马上去翻字典，查找这个单词的解释。在这样的情景下，翻阅词典比单纯背大纲来得更主动，也更容易让自己对生词留下印象。”而一些爱看体育新闻、时尚杂志的同学也可以试着将自己的中文阅读习惯换成“英语版”。
[复习策略二]“角色转换”巧得分
复习四六级少不了做习题，样题、真题、模拟题……许多同学抱怨做了这么多复习题，可依然没有提高分数。原因是做题时没有遵循“少而精”的原则。要做到“少而精”，关键在于学会在做题中“巧变角色”。
“做过的题要认真分析对错。如果把做过的题扔在一旁，不及时更正做题时的错误思路，总结做对题目的经验，即便做一百道题还是一样的正确率。”上海新东方集团主讲教师乐柯健说道，不少学生在做阅读题时发现自己的选项总是不能和标准答案“对对碰”，但对于文章本身却已经基本读懂，便以为做错题是因为自己粗心或误读题目，于是草草纠正答案，就继续做下一篇阅读，“这种做法是不可取的，阅读题的命题思路是有章可循的，考生要学会角色转换，从命题人的角度思考为什么要出这道题？这道题考什么？再回到考生角度，分析为什么会做错？明白这个问题后，那些原来的思考方式会发生改变，以后再碰到类似题目就能迎刃而解。”
而在听力复习中，把“做题者”角色转变成“朗读者”，也能产生不一样的复习效果。“在起步阶段，不论是听英语新闻，还是听课文磁带，都不如自己跟读真题。”上海新东方集团主讲教师陈文笠认为，许多学生觉得听力题速度快，阅读者的语音语调无法适应。其实，要在短期内适应四六级听力考的速度，可以从被动地听变为主动地读，“听读本身就是一个相互关联的系统，从跟读中掌握朗读者的语音语调，不但能达到让耳朵适应的目的，同时也锻炼了自己的口语能力，把枯燥的复习做题变得‘有声有色’。”
除了学会变成“命题者”、“朗读者”外，最重要的还是变成负责的“阅卷者”。“在给自己批阅试题时，应站在批阅老师的高度。不要因为是批自己的卷子就手软，也许某一个小小的错误就是导致正式考试失分的原因。”倪惠民建议，学生可以准备一本错题本，把自己做错题目的原因记下来，每次做题时看一下常犯的错误，会大大减少再犯错的“惯性”，“大量做题都能做到，但是要针对自己的弱点，才能从根本上解决错误根源，提高正确率。”
“我建议学生选择真题集来复习，因为许多考过的词汇，又会在考试中出现。而复习真题作文，也能从批阅者的角度，对历年来老师欣赏的作文和典型低分有个评分标准的把握。这对提高作文分数有很大的帮助。
许多考生问：要通过英语四级考试，单词要不要背，到底要背多少，什么时候背？对这一问题，回答是单词肯定要背。想想看我们学中文，学到高中还要记生词呢！更何况我们中的大多数学生没有良好的英语环境，词汇关必须过！
积累词汇量在考试中背单词至少有下述两个好处：
1）降低表达难度：对于大多数非英语专业的学生来说很难做到用简单词汇表达复杂意思。提高词汇量，特别是提高口语和写作词汇的词汇量能够迅速降低表达难度，提高开口说话的自信和动笔写作的欲望。
2）提高阅读和听力的自信。如果在听力和阅读考试中大量碰到不熟悉的单词会明显影响考生的情绪，特别是会降低阅读速度。
什么时候背单词？一般应该是在上辅导班之前，或者至少是在上强化段课程之前把词汇关过掉。现在离2006年6月份英语四级考试还有几个月的时间了，所以本人建议大家在上辅导班之前要大量背单词，毕竟在开课之前时间比较充裕，在开课之后要把更多的精力放在吸收消化老师课上内容。特别是强化段的课程进度很快，练习量很大，背单词的精力不足。
怎样背单词效率最高？每个人的习惯不同，时间不同，所以方法上会有调整。常见的几种背单词的习惯如下：
1）集中＋零散：也就是说每天专门抽出一段时间来记忆单词，然后再随时巩固。尽量选择便携式的词汇书，一有空就拿出来看。
2）举一反三：也就是一些词根、词缀的记忆方法，在以�ゴ实幕�∩贤卣梗�乇鹗屎弦丫�?000左右的单词，希望能迅速扩充到5000－6000的学生
3）情景联想记忆：就是把单词放到句子中记忆或者是意思相关联的单词或词组归类记忆，这样的好处是记忆不枯燥，而且能够与应用相关联。
4）练习记忆：也就是用反复练习来巩固单词的记忆效果，避免单纯的机械记忆。《雅思写作应试技法》尽管不是词汇书，但是对于深入理解和掌握“十大核心原则词汇”非常有好处。
5）分项记忆：因为听、说、读、写各项对词汇的要求不尽相同，所以在记忆单词的时候应该更有针对性。例如，阅读的单词以识读为主，很多单词只要求记住意思不要求会拼写。而听力单词则不仅仅要求会拼写而且朗读正确。
大学英语四级词汇与语法、完形填空题以考查各类词组和固定搭配为重点，这些词组和搭配在阅读理解、翻译和写作中也有重要作用，所以这里将各类词组以词性为中心加以分类，以便帮助大家学习和记忆。这些词组和固定搭配不仅在四、六级考试中至关重要，研究生入学英语考试中它们也是考查重点。
一、名词词组和固定搭配
1.介词+名词
by accident 偶然
on account of 因为，由于，为了……的缘故
in addition to 另外，加之
in addition 除…之外(还)
in the air 流传中
on (the／an) average 按平均值，通常
on the basis of 根据，在…的基础上
at best 充其量，至多
for the better 好转，向好的方向发展
on board 在船(车或飞机)上
out of breath 喘不过气来
on business 因公，因事
in any case 无论如何，不管怎样
in case of 假如，如果发生；防备
in case 假使，以防(万一)
in no case 决不，无论如何不
by chance 偶然，碰巧
in charge (of) 负责，管理
(a)round the lock 日夜不停地
in common 共用的，共有的
in conclusion 最后，总之
on condition (that) 如果
in consequence of 由于…的缘故，因为
on the contrary 正相反
in contrast with／to 与…对比起来，与…形成对比
out of control 失去控制
under control 处于控制之下
at all cots 不惜任何代价，无论如何
at the cost of 以…为代价
in the course of 在…过程中，在…期间
of course 当然，自然
in danger 在危险中，垂危
out of danger 脱离危险
out of date 过时的，不用的
up to date 现代化的，切合目前情况的
in demand 非常需要的，受欢迎的
in debt 欠债，负债
in detail 详细他
in difficulties 处境困难
in the distance 在远处
off duty 下了班(的)，不在值班(的)
on duty 在上班(的)，在值班(的)
on earth 究竟，到底
at all events 无论如何，不管怎样
in any event 无论如何，不管怎样
in the event of 万一，倘若
for example 例如
in the face of 在…面前；不顾
in fact 其实，实际上
in favo(u)r of 赞同，支持
on fire 着火，起火
on foot 步行
in force 生效，有效；在实施中；大量的
in front of 在…面前，在…前面
in future 今后，从今以后
in the future 在将来
in general 一般说来，大体上
on (one’s) guard 警惕，提防；站岗，值班
in half 成两半
at hand 近在手边，在附近
by hand 用手，用体力
hand down 把…传下去
hand in hand 手拉手；密切关联地，同时并进地
in hand (工作等)在进行中；在控制中
on hand 在手边，在近处
on (the) one hand 一方面
on the other hand 另一方面
at heart 内心里，本质上
by heart 凭记性
at home 在家，在国内；舒适，无拘束；熟悉，精通
in hono(u)r of 为纪念，为了向…表示敬意
on／upon one’s hono(u)r 以名誉担保
in a hurry 匆忙，急于
for instance 例如；比如
at intervals 不时，每隔一段时间(或距离)
at (long) last 终于
at least 至少
at length 终于，最终；详细地
in (the) light of 鉴于，由于
2.动词+名词
have／gain access to 可以获得
take…into account 考虑到，顾及，体谅
take advantage of 占…的便宜，利用
pave the way (for) 铺平道路，为…作准备
pay attention to 注意
do／try one’s best 尽力，努力
get／have the best of 战胜
make the best of 充分利用
get／have the better of 战胜，在…中占上风
catch one’s breath 屏息；喘气，气喘；歇口气
take care 注意，当心
take care of 爱护，照料
take a chance 冒险，投机
take charge 开始管理，接管
keep…company 陪伴
take (a) delight in 以…为乐
make a difference 有影响，起(重要)作用
carry／bring／put into effect 使生效，实行，实现
come／go into effect 生效，实施
take effect 生效，起作用
catch sb’s eye 被某人看到，引起某人注意
keep an eye on 留神，照看，密切注意
make a face 做鬼脸
find fault with 抱怨，挑剔，找岔子
catch (on) fire 着火，开始燃烧
make fiends (with) 与(…)交朋友
be friends with 与…友好
make fun of 取笑，拿…开玩笑
keep sb’s head 保持镇静
in the world 究竟，到底
lose sb’s head 慌乱，仓皇失措
lose heart 丧失勇气，失去信心
get／catch／take hold of 抓住，得到
keep house 管理家务
throw／cast light on／upon 使人了解，阐明
bear／keep in mind 记住
have in mind 考虑到，想到
make up one’s mind 下定决心，打定主意
bring／put into operation 实施，使生效，使运行
come／go into operation 施行，实行，生效
keep pace (with) 与(…)齐步前进，与(…)并驾齐驱
play a part (in) 起作用，参与，扮演角色
take place 发生，进行，举行
take the place of 代替，取代
put into practice 实施，实行
make progress 进步，进展
give rise to 引起，导致为…的原因
make sense 讲得通，有意义，言之有理
catch sight of 发现，突然看见
(go) on the stage 当演员
take one’s time 不着急，不慌忙
keep track of 与…保持联系
lose track of 失去与…的联系，不能跟上…的进展
make use of 利用
put to use 使用
give way 让路；屈服，让步；倒塌，坍陷
make one’s way 前往，行进，去
make way 让路，腾出地方或位置
3.名词词组的其他形式
appeal to 呼吁，恳求
attempt at 企图，努力
attitude to/towards 态度，看法
a great/good deal of 大量，非常，极其
influence in 干涉，介入
interference with 妨碍，打扰
introduction to 介绍
a lot (of) 许多(的)，大量(的)
lots of 大量，许多
fall in love (with sb) 爱上(某人)
reply to 回答，答复
trolley bus 电车
I.D. card 身份证
credit card 信用卡
no doubt 无疑地，很可能
next door 隔壁
out of doors 在户外
face to face 面对面地
a few 有些，几个
quite a few 不少，相当多
a little 一点，一些
little by little 逐渐地，一点点地
quite a little 相当多，不少
no matter 无论
the moment (that) 一…(就)
no more 不再
fair play 公平竞赛，公平对待
rest room 厕所，盥洗室
primary school 小学
side by side 肩并肩地，一起
heart and soul 全心全意
step by step 逐步地
ahead of time 提前
all the time 一直，始终
once upon a time 从前
once in a while 偶尔
no wonder 难怪，并不奇怪
word for word 逐字地
decline with thanks 婉言谢绝
英语四级考前要背的六篇作文
1. Career or Family: which is more important?
When asked about their opinion of career and family, people always respond differently. Some people deem it more important to pursue their career, while there are always other people who argue that family should be the number one in one’s life.
It goes without any question that career plays a key role in our life. In the very first place, career can give us an aim to live on. Without career, much of our living time will be certainly wasted. What’s more, career can provide us with a means to live on. Most of the people earn their income from a job. On the other hand, family is also an indispensable part of life, as many people will admit. Family is always regarded as a place where we can escape from troubles in life. In addition, we can obtain a sense of belonging to from family. Without it, anyone will feel lonely and desperate.
In my opinion, career and family are not in opposition to each other. Rather, they can enhance each other so that one’s life can become better and better. Therefore, it’s not a choice between right and wrong, but one between ideal and practical.
2. Olympics and I
Dear friend,
I have a great news to inform here. Through long efforts, Beijing has been granted the right to host 2008 Olympic games. As a resident in Beijing, I feel quite excited and like to share with you my happiness.
This success means a lot more than a game to me. In the first place, this Games will definitely promote the development of our economy. According to a recent survey by some experts, this games will raise our GDP by about 3%, and offer about 10,000 jobs. What’s more, our culture will be widely recognized and accepted all over the world through the Games. People will come over from every corner of the world, and experience Chinese culture in every aspect. Besides, through the games, our living environment will be greatly improved. For example, the public transportation system will be up-dated. Moreover, it’s known that more trees will be planted, and grassland will be considerably expanded.
My friend, I really look forward to the coming of this great Games. As an individual, I’m all ready to offer my help in any way I can. I also hope to invite you all to come here, and watch the games in 2008.
Sincerely yours,xxx
3. Tourism in China
Recent years have seen a tendency in China that tourism is growing faster. According to a recent survey made by some experts, about 47% urban residents travel regularly, and 28% rural residents also make their tour across the country. The survey also shows that more people are interested in tourism, and will join the army in the future.
Facing this tendency, we can’t help exploring some underlying factors that are responsible. In the very first place, with the policy of reform and opening up, Chinese people’s living standard has been greatly improved, and therefore, most of them can afford to travel around. What’s more, it is believed that people now take a more positive attitude to tourism, and regard it as a life style. In addition, tourism facilities are becoming better and better. For example, transportation develops fast, and many scenic spots are available now.
Though there are still some problems with tourism, I personally believe that tourism should be playing a key role in our life. I also hope that our government will make policies to create a better environment for tourists.
4. Income Gap
There has been a heated discussion over the growing income gap now. Some people hold that the gap is natural because it reflects different contributions that different people make in their work.. In their view, those people with high income work hard and long. Besides, these people bring high efficiency, and create more wealth. Accordingly, they deserve high pay.
On the other hand, there are always some people who view this gap negatively. They believe that a lot of crimes happen as a result of this income gap. Some people make so little from their work that they risk taking criminal acts to get rich. In fact, experts have long found out that most cases of crime are directly related to low income. There is another point to back up a negative view against income gap. For most people, income gap may destroy the satisfaction that they obtain from work.
As anything has two sides, so has the problem of income gap. Personally, I believe that this gap may motivate people to compete better in job market. When this gap is growing too wide, however, our government should make some policies to get rid of its negative consequences.
5. Knowledge is power
As a popular saying goes, knowledge is power. With our country developing fast, the importance of knowledge is becoming more and more obvious to us all.
In the very first place, with knowledge, one can easily find jobs. It is often said that we are entering a new age of information, and knowledge plays a key role in this age. For example, if one wants to work in IT field, one needs to improve his knowledge constantly. What’s more, knowledgeable people can get quick promotion in their work. As is often the case, a person in charge of an organization is the one who has most knowledge. In addition, more knowledge is also needed to make our life rich and fulfilled.
Accordingly, we must try hard to acquire as much knowledge as we can. Luckily, a lot of means may enable us to do so. Among other things, web proves the best and fastest way to get information.
6. Saving animals
There is an undeniable fact that the number of animals is declining faster than ever before. According to a recent survey made by some experts, about 37 species disappear from our earth every year. It is obvious that the problem has become a serious one worth our concern.
When we explore this problem, some underlying factors emerge. In the very first place, human beings have played a big part. With the fast development of human society, the environment is much destroyed, and animals lose their home. Accordingly, some species become extinct. What’s more, people hunt animals for food and skin. A good case in point is that the Japanese have killed a lot of whales because they like to eat the meat. In addition, human beings are largely responsible for the pollution of natural environment, and poison animals in many ways.
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