第1个回答 2011-03-17
2, microbial contamination
2.1 industrial product the microorganism various industrial equipment, such as metal, instrument, telecommunications equipment, insulation materials and textile, etc, they or contain some can be microorganisms using component, or for whatever reason was infected with more or less organic substances, therefore, will be the erosion of microorganisms, the aging metamorphism.
2.1.1 aluminium and its alloy products of erosion by microbes. For example, there was a plane by tanker teeth branch mildew and copper green pseudomonas and vibrio corrosion and leakage of. The airplane wings in aluminum wall also gets the microbial erosion. Steel and its products for long-term contact with water or soil by iron bacteria, sulfur bacteria, sulfate reducing bacteria, and role and corrosion. Electronic equipment, integrated electricity ?
第2个回答 2011-03-17
2, microbial contamination 2.1 industrial product the microorganism various industrial equipment, such as metal, instrument, telecommunications equipment, insulation materials and textile, etc, they or contain some can be microorganisms using component, or for whatever reason was infected with more or less organic substances, therefore, will be the erosion of microorganisms, the aging metamorphism. 2.1.1 aluminium and its alloy products of erosion by microbes. For example, there was a plane by tanker teeth branch mildew and copper green pseudomonas and vibrio corrosion and leakage of. The airplane wings in aluminum wall also gets the microbial erosion. Steel and its products for long-term contact with water or soil by iron bacteria, sulfur bacteria, sulfate reducing bacteria, and role and corrosion. Electronic equipment, integrated circuit, insulating material, etc. Can be due to the erosion by mold, the mould, so often hypha can conduct electricity can cause of the related equipment failure2.1.2 wool, cotton, nylon, get together fat and its products, but also made by microbes often erode. Pollution YangNai, wool microbes are mainly copper green false form afterbirth bacillus, micro coccus, bacillus subtilis, aspergillus, penicillium, etc. Pollution is cellulose decomposition of the main cotton microbial flora. Pollution nylon have ball two spore and red aspergillus etc. Microbes can not only make the fiber and its products with human health and metamorphism, closely related. For example, micro aureus can make the person's head, born leucoma pseudomonas aeruginosa and bronchitis, pharyngitis and ear, nose, eyes of inflammation. Some live on other parts of the human body of pathogenic bacteria. Respiratory pathogenic bacteria have; Live in the nose pharynx ministry of prunus communis and streptococcus viridans inside Iraq, and pneumonia's actinomyces hyo colonizes bacteria, meningococci, influenza bacillus, them from the nose, phlegm, sneezing in take out in various objects, cling to spread. Digestive hypocritical pathogenic bacteria have; Typhoid, dysentery bacillus, through the flies, dust and transfer to food, then invades the digestive tract. Usually in a gram of feces about 4 x 1011 a microbial, accounting for 40% of the dry weight of the stool. Normal stool of anaerobic bacteria accounted for above 99%, escherichia coli about 1%, OuFen can kill microorganisms below. E. coli invades urinary system can cause urethritis when, cystitis, pyelonephritis. Eye pathogenic bacteria have; Sand holes chlamydia, inclusion body, conjunctivitis the original body. Sexual infectious; Bacillus subtilis, this kind of bacteria is sex infection. 2.1.3 glass and its products and microscopes and telescopes and camera equipment such as optical parts in warm, wet conditions, will because of penicillium activity, to grow and be corrosion. The microorganism 2.2 agricultural products of grain and oil, contains rich raw material extremely products of nutrient, they are the natural nutrition microbial 'base, if other conditions are right, the mold, bacteria and yeast etc microbial can quickly multiply. 2.2.1 meat, eggs, milk, fruit and vegetable food surface all live a lot of microbial, if kept undeserved, often cause food metamorphism and corruption. Laws 2.2.2 canned food storage is one of the ways people, but there exist in canned meat bacillus subtilis, spindle bacteria etc bacterial flora. Because the spores in resistance is very strong, canned production process had been high-temperature processing, and in some meat cans can still detect thermophilic fat bacillus, heat-resisting the anaerobic nitrogen-fixing bacteria, which corruption spindle is the main reason causing canned corruption.
第3个回答 2011-03-19
2, microbial contamination 2.1 industrial product the microorganism various industrial equipment, such as metal, instrument, telecommunications equipment, insulation materials and textile, etc, they or contain some can be microorganisms using component, or for whatever reason was infected with more or less organic substances, therefore, will be the erosion of microorganisms, the aging metamorphism. 2.1.1 aluminium and its alloy products of erosion by microbes. For example, there was a plane by tanker teeth branch mildew and copper green pseudomonas and vibrio corrosion and leakage of. The airplane wings in aluminum wall also gets the microbial erosion. Steel and its products for long-term contact with water or soil by iron bacteria, sulfur bacteria, sulfate reducing bacteria, and role and corrosion. Electronic equipment, integrated circuit, insulating material, etc. Can be due to the erosion by mold, the mould, so often hypha can conduct electricity can cause of the related equipment failure2.1.2 wool, cotton, nylon, get together fat and its products, but also made by microbes often erode. Pollution YangNai, wool microbes are mainly copper green false form afterbirth bacillus, micro coccus, bacillus subtilis, aspergillus, penicillium, etc. Pollution is cellulose decomposition of the main cotton microbial flora. Pollution nylon have ball two spore and red aspergillus etc. Microbes can not only make the fiber and its products with human health and metamorphism, closely related. For example, micro aureus can make the person's head, born leucoma pseudomonas aeruginosa and bronchitis, pharyngitis and ear, nose, eyes of inflammation. Some live on other parts of the human body of pathogenic bacteria. Respiratory pathogenic bacteria have; Live in the nose pharynx ministry of prunus communis and streptococcus viridans inside Iraq, and pneumonia's actinomyces hyo colonizes bacteria, meningococci, influenza bacillus, them from the nose, phlegm, sneezing in take out in various objects, cling to spread. Digestive hypocritical pathogenic bacteria have; Typhoid, dysentery bacillus, through the flies, dust and transfer to food, then invades the digestive tract. Usually in a gram of feces about 4 x 1011 a
第4个回答 2011-03-23
2 、微生物的污染
2.1 工业产品中的微生物 各种工业器材，如金属、仪表、电讯器材、绝缘材料和纺织品等，它们或含有一些可被微生物利用的成分，或因种种原因沾染了或多或少的有机物质，因此，都会受到微生物的侵蚀，使之老化变质。
2.1.1 铝及其合金制品受到微生物的侵蚀。例如，曾发生过飞机的油槽因受到牙枝霉、铜绿色假单胞菌和弧菌等的腐蚀而漏油。飞机机翼的内铝壁也受到上述微生物的侵蚀。钢铁及其制品因长期与水或土壤接触，受到铁细菌、硫细菌、硫酸还原细菌等的作用而腐蚀。电子设备、集成电路、绝缘材料等均可受到霉菌的侵蚀，由于霉菌的菌丝能导电，因此常能引起有关设备的失灵。
2.1.2 羊毛、棉纱、尼龙、聚制脂及其制品，也常受到微生物的侵蚀。污染漾奶、毛的微生物主要有铜绿色假单胞杆菌、微球菌、枯草杆菌、曲霉、青霉等。污染棉织品的主要是纤维素分解菌群的微生物。污染尼龙的有球二孢和红曲霉等。微生物不仅能使纤维及其制品变质，而且与人体健康密切相关。例如，微球菌能使人的头部生白斑，铜绿假单胞菌与支气管炎、咽炎和耳、鼻、眼的炎症有关。一些寄生于人体其它部位的多种致病菌。呼吸道的致病菌有；生存在鼻咽部的草绿色链球菌和扁桃体内的伊氏放线菌，还有肺炎支原菌，脑膜炎球菌，流行性感冒杆菌，它们从鼻涕，痰，喷嚏中带出，沾染在各种物体上予以传播。消化道貌岸然致病菌有；伤寒菌，痢疾杆菌，通过苍蝇，灰尘等传递到食物中，再侵入消化道。通常在一克粪便中约有4×1011个微生物，占粪便干重的40%。正常粪便中厌氧菌占99%以上，大肠杆菌占1%以下，沤粪可以杀死微生物。大肠杆菌侵入泌尿系统时能引起尿道炎，膀胱炎，肾盂肾炎。眼的致病菌有；砂眼衣原体，包涵体，结膜炎原体。性传染的有；枯草杆菌，这类细菌也是接触性传染。
2.1.3 玻璃及其制品和显微镜、望远镜及照相机等器材的光学部分在温暖潮湿的条件下，都会由于曲霉、青霉等的生长繁殖而受腐蚀。
2.2 农业产品中的微生物 粮、油原料极其制品，含有丰富的养分，它们是微生物’的天然营养基地，如果其他条件适宜，霉菌、细菌、酵母菌等微生物就会迅速地繁殖起来。
2.2.1 肉、蛋、奶、水果和蔬菜等食品的表面都生活着很多的微生物，如果保存不当，常引起食品的变质和腐败。
2.2.2 罐头是人们保存食品的方法之一，但肉类罐头中存在着枯草杆菌、梭菌等菌群。由于芽孢的抗热性很强，在罐头制作过程中虽然经过了高温处理，而在一些肉类罐头中仍能检测出嗜热脂肪芽孢杆菌、耐热厌气性的腐败梭菌等，它们是造成罐头腐败的主要原因。
第5个回答 2011-03-28
翻译器翻 的，自己再改改
2, the microbial contamination
2.1 micro-organisms in a variety of industrial products, industrial equipment, such as metal, instruments, telecommunications equipment, insulation materials and textiles, some of which contain ingredients that can be used by microbes, or contaminated due to various reasons, more or less organic matter Therefore, micro-organisms are subject to erosion, so that the aging deterioration.
2.1.1 Aluminum and its alloy products by microbial erosion. For example, a tanker aircraft have occurred due to dental sticks by mold, Pseudomonas and Vibrio Tonglv Se corrosion and leakage. Within the aluminum walls of the aircraft wing has also been the erosion of the microorganisms. Steel and steel products due to long-term exposure to water or soil by iron bacteria, sulfur bacteria, the role of sulfate-reducing bacteria and corrosion. Electronic devices, integrated circuits, insulating materials may be mold erosion, due to fungal hyphae can be conductive, it can often lead to failure of the equipment.
2.1.2 wool, cotton, nylon, polyethylene resin system and its products, and is often eroded by organisms. Pollution Yang milk, wool microorganisms are Tonglv Se Pseudomonas, Micrococcus, Bacillus subtilis, Aspergillus, Penicillium and so on. Pollution, mainly cotton cellulose decomposing bacteria organisms. Contamination of nylon and red ball two spore Aspergillus and so on. Microbial deterioration not only make the fiber and its products, but also closely related to human health. For example, Micrococcus white students can make a person's head, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and bronchitis, pharyngitis and ear, nose and eye inflammation. Some parasitic on a variety of pathogens other parts of the body. Respiratory tract pathogens are; survive in the nasopharynx and tonsil viridans Iraq's within the actinomycetes, as well as mycoplasma pneumonia, meningococcal, influenza bacillus, which from the nose, phlegm, sneezing in the out, get involved in a variety of objects to be spread. Pathogenic bacteria have digested pious; Salmonella typhi, Shigella, by flies, dust, etc. delivered to the food, and then invade the digestive tract. Usually about one gram of feces in the microbiological 4 × 1011, accounting for 40% of the dry weight of feces. Normal fecal anaerobic bacteria accounted for 99% or more, accounting for 1% of E. coli, fecal ou can kill microorganisms. E. coli invade the urinary system can cause urethritis, cystitis, pyelonephritis. Eye of the pathogens are; Chlamydia trachoma, inclusion conjunctivitis of the original body. There are sexually transmitted; Bacillus subtilis, these bacteria are contagious.
2.1.3 Glass and its products and microscopes, telescopes and cameras and other equipment in the optical part of the warm and humid conditions, are as Aspergillus, Penicillium and other growth and reproduction and corroded.
2.2 micro-organisms in agricultural products of grain, oil products, raw material is extremely rich in nutrients, they are micro-organisms' natural nutrient base, if other conditions are right, mold, bacteria, yeast and other microorganisms will quickly multiply.
2.2.1 meat, eggs, milk, fruits and vegetables and other foods with a lot of the surface of live micro-organisms, if kept properly, often lead to food deterioration and corruption.
2.2.2 Canned food is one of the ways that people save, but there are canned meat Bacillus subtilis, Clostridium and other bacteria. Because spores are highly heat in the canning production process even after the heat treatment, and in some canned meat can still be detected in Bacillus stearothermophilus, heat and other anaerobic Clostridium corruption, they are Canned main cause of corruption.