happen：
happen是不及物动词，它的用法常见的有如下几种情况：
表示"某地（某时）发生了什么事"，常用"sth.+ happen +地点/时间"这一结构来表达，此时主语应是事情。例如： The story happened in 2003. 这个故事发生在2003年。
表示“某人出了某事(常指不好的事)”，要用“sth.+ happen+to sb.”这一结构来表达。例如：A car accident happened to her this morning. 今天上午她发生了交通事故。
表示“某人碰巧做某事”，要用“sb.+ happen+ to do sth.”这一结构来表达。例如：I happened to meet a friend of mine in the street yesterday. 昨天我碰巧在街上遇到了我的一个朋友。
happen表示“碰巧或恰巧发生某事”时，还可用“It happens / happened that...”这一结构来表达。例如：It happened that Brian and Peter were at home that day. 碰巧那天布莱恩和彼得在家了。
take place与 happen的用法 ：
固定词组take place意为发生，举行，多指举行活动，发生某事（可指发生好事或不好的事），happen多指发生意外事故，不幸的事。如：
The opening of the play will take place tomorrow night. 剧的首演式将于明晚举行。（take place不能用happen代换）
The accident took place only a block from my home. 事故发生地离我家只一个街区。（took place 可以用happened代换）
动词happen以及词组take place, break out 等只能用作不及物动词，不能用被动语态形式。如：
The car accident happened last week. 交通事故发生在上星期。（不能说：The car accident was happened last week.）
The war broke out in October. 战争于10月份爆发。（不能说：The war was broken out in October.）
happen to do 意思是：碰巧。
It happened to be a fine one that day.
那天碰巧天气好。
I happened to see him this morning.
今天早上我碰巧看见他。
It happens that...后接从句，意思也是碰巧。
It happens that his sister is a closed friend of mine.
碰巧她姐姐是我的一个好朋友。
It so happened that both of them were there.
正好他们两人都在那儿。
occur的用法：
表示“发生”“出现”，是不及物动词，所以不能带宾语，也不能用于被动语态。如：
事故（地震）是什么时候发生的?
误：When was the accident (earthquake) occurred?
正：When did the accident (earthquake) occur?
表示某想法出现在某人脑海中或被某人想到，通常与介词 to连用。如：
A good idea occurred to me. 我想起了个好主意。
有时用于there be句式中替代动词be。如：
Not long after this, there occurred a sudden revolution. 此后不久，突然爆发了革命。
break out 的用法：
break out 意思为“发生、爆发”，常指战争、灾难、疾病或者争吵等事件的发生，也可以表示突然大声叫喊等。例如： Two world wars broke out last century.
come about 表示“发生、产生”，多指事情已经发生了，但还不知道为什么，常用于疑问句和否定句。例如： When Mother woke up, she didn't know what had come about.
追问occur break;
out ; 的用法呢？
come about;
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take place, happen, occur, come about 和 break out 用法区别
这些词或短语都有“发生”的意思，都不可以用于被动语态，但用法各不相同，区别如下：
take place 表示“发生、举行、举办”，一般指非偶然性事件的“发生”，即这种事件的发生一定有某种原因或事先的安排。例如：
The Olympic Games of 2008 took place in Beijing.
take place通常指“（某事）按计划进行或按计划发生。”此外还有“举行”之意。如：
The meeting will take place next Friday.
The concert takes place next Thursday.
happen 作“发生、碰巧”解，常指具体事件的发生，特别指那些偶然的或未能预见的“发生”，一般用于偶然或突发性事件。例如：
A storm happened across the river in another country.
What happened to you? (一般不说：What did you happen?)
occur 作“发生、想到、突然想起”解，其意义相当于 happen。例如：
What has occurred? (= What has happened?)
温馨提示：Sth. occur to sb./ it occur to sb. that…“某人突然想起…”
come about 表示“发生、产生”，多指事情已经发生了，但还不知道为什么，常用于疑问句和否定句。例如： When Mother woke up, she didn't know what had come about.
温馨提示：How did it come about that….?/ How come?“某事情是这样发生的，怎么会发生…样的事情？”
(5) break out 意思为“发生、爆发”，常指战争、灾难、疾病或者争吵等事件的发生，也可以表示突然大声叫喊等。例如：
Two world wars broke out last century.